Titanium Dioxide-Based Nanocomposites for Enhanced Gas-Phase Photodehydrogenation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis of Photocatalysts
2.2.1. Titanium Dioxide Synthesis
2.2.2. Copper Oxide Loading by Impregnation
2.2.3. Copper Oxide Loading by Complex-Precipitation
2.3. Characterization of the Nanocomposite Materials
2.4. Photocatalytic Activity Tests
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Pristine Titanium Dioxide Materials
3.2. Copper Oxide-Titania Nanocomposites
3.2.1. Copper Oxide-P25 Nanocomposites
3.2.2. Copper Oxide-TiO2 Nanocomposite
3.2.3. Mechanism of Complex-Precipitation
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Titania | Copper-Loading (%) and Introduction Technique | Label |
---|---|---|
Benchmark (P25) | / | P25 |
Lab-made TiO2 | / | TiO2 |
Benchmark (P25) | 0.5%‒wetness impregnation | I0.5Cu/P25 |
Benchmark (P25) | 1.0%‒wetness impregnation | I1.0Cu/P25 |
Benchmark (P25) | 0.5%‒complex precipitation with 1,3-propanediol | D0.5Cu/P25 |
Benchmark (P25) | 1.0%‒complex precipitation with 1,3-propanediol | D1.0Cu/P25 |
Benchmark (P25) | 0.5%‒complex precipitation with citric acid | C0.5Cu/P25 |
Benchmark (P25) | 1.0%‒complex precipitation with citric acid | C1.0Cu/P25 |
Lab-made TiO2 | 1.0%‒wetness impregnation | I1.0Cu/TiO2 |
Lab-made TiO2 | 1.0%‒complex precipitation with 1,3-propanediol | D1.0Cu/TiO2 |
Sample | AQY (%) | TOF (mmol∙g−1∙h−1) |
---|---|---|
I0.5Cu/P25 | 13 ± 1 | 4.4 ± 0.5 |
I1.0Cu/P25 | 17 ± 2 | 5.5 ± 0.6 |
D0.5Cu/P25 | 19.0 ± 0.3 | 6.2 ± 0.1 |
D1.0Cu/P25 | 21 ± 1 | 7.1 ± 0.2 |
C0.5Cu/P25 | 21 ± 1 | 6.8 ± 0.4 |
C1.0Cu/P25 | 23 ± 2 | 7.5 ± 0.6 |
Sample | Cu (%) | SBET (m2/g) |
---|---|---|
P25 | - | 40 |
I0.5Cu/P25 | 0.41 | 41 |
I1.0Cu/P25 | 0.43 | 42 |
D0.5Cu/P25 | 0.43 | 44 |
D1.0Cu/P25 | 0.93 | 42 |
C0.5Cu/P25 | 0.99 | 45 |
C1.0Cu/P25 | 0.98 | 43 |
I1.0Cu/P25 | D1.0Cu/P25 | C1.0Cu/P25 | |
---|---|---|---|
Cu | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.8 |
Ti | 27 | 23 | 24 |
O | 63 | 57 | 64 |
C | 7 | 18 | 9 |
Sample | Cu (%) | SBET (m2/g) |
---|---|---|
TiO2 | - | 101 |
I1.0Cu/TiO2 | 0.89 | 71 |
D1.0Cu/TiO2 | 0.94 | 101 |
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Zanardo, D.; Ghedini, E.; Menegazzo, F.; Cattaruzza, E.; Manzoli, M.; Cruciani, G.; Signoretto, M. Titanium Dioxide-Based Nanocomposites for Enhanced Gas-Phase Photodehydrogenation. Materials 2019, 12, 3093. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12193093
Zanardo D, Ghedini E, Menegazzo F, Cattaruzza E, Manzoli M, Cruciani G, Signoretto M. Titanium Dioxide-Based Nanocomposites for Enhanced Gas-Phase Photodehydrogenation. Materials. 2019; 12(19):3093. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12193093
Chicago/Turabian StyleZanardo, Danny, Elena Ghedini, Federica Menegazzo, Elti Cattaruzza, Maela Manzoli, Giuseppe Cruciani, and Michela Signoretto. 2019. "Titanium Dioxide-Based Nanocomposites for Enhanced Gas-Phase Photodehydrogenation" Materials 12, no. 19: 3093. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12193093