Study of the Structure and Antimicrobial Activity of Ca-Deficient Ceramics on Chlorhexidine Nanoclay Substrate
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Materials
2.2. Modifications and Preparation of Samples
2.3. Analytical Methods
2.4. Antibacterial Test
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. X-ray Diffraction Analysis
3.2. FTIR Spectroscopy
3.3. Antimicrobial Test
3.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy
3.5. Specific Surface Area Measurement
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MCA (cm−1) | MCAH (cm−1) | VCA (cm−1) | VCAH (cm−1) | Assignments |
---|---|---|---|---|
- | - | 823 | - | C–H vibration deformation of methylene group [25] |
832 | - | - | - | C–H out-of-plane vibration of 1,4-substitued aromatic ring [26] |
- | 867 | 877 | 869 | AlO4, Al–O stretching vibration [27] |
883 | - | - | - | AlFe3+OH [28] |
915 | - | 917 | - | Al–OH–Al [29] |
941 | - | - | 944 | Si–O symmetric [30] |
- | - | 956 | - | Si–O stretching [31] |
- | 959 | - | 960 | ν1 PO43− [32] |
- | 991 | 1001 | 990 | Si-O-Si [30] |
- | 1028 | - | 1030 | ν3 PO43− [33] |
1034 | - | - | - | Si–O stretching vibration [34] |
- | 1039 | - | - | ν3 PO43− [33] |
1043 | - | - | - | Aromatic amine CA [35] |
- | - | - | 1049 | Aromatic amine [35] |
- | - | 1064 | - | νasymSi–O [36] |
1093 | 1092 | 1094 | - | Si–O, C–Cl stretching vibration of halogen compounds [37] |
- | - | - | 1109 | Asymmetric Si–O–Si [38] |
- | 1114 | - | - | Si–O stretching [38] |
1122 | - | - | - | Si–O–Si [39] |
- | 1144 | - | 1151 | Symmetric Si–O [40] |
1168 | - | 1164 | - | C–OH stretching [41] |
Sample | Enterococcus Faecalis MIC (%, w/v) | Staphylococcus Aureus MIC(%, w/v) | ||||||||
0.5 h | 2 h | 4 h | 24 h | 120 h | 0.5 h | 2 h | 4 h | 24 h | 120 h | |
NaMMT | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 |
MCA | 3.33 | 3.33 | 3.33 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.37 | 0.041 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.014 |
MCAH | 3.33 | 3.33 | 3.33 | 1.11 | 0.12 | 1.11 | 1.11 | 1.11 | 0.014 | 0.014 |
NaVER | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | 10 |
VCA | 10 | 3.33 | 10 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.37 | 0.12 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.014 |
VCAH | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 0.37 | 3.33 | 3.33 | 3.33 | 0.014 | 0.014 |
Escherichia Coli MIC (%, w/v) | Pseudomonas Aeruginosa MIC(%, w/v) | |||||||||
0.5 h | 2 h | 4 h | 24 h | 120 h | 0.5 h | 2 h | 4 h | 24 h | 120 h | |
NaMMT | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 |
MCA | 1.11 | 1.11 | 1.11 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 3.33 | 3.33 | 3.33 | 1.11 | 1.11 |
MCAH | 3.33 | 1.11 | 1.11 | 0.12 | 0.014 | 10 | 1.11 | 3.33 | 1.11 | 1.11 |
NaVER | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 |
VCA | 3.33 | 1.11 | 1.11 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
VCAH | 10 | 3.33 | 3.33 | 0.12 | 0.37 | 10 | 10 | 3.33 | 3.33 | 10 |
Candida Albicans MIC (%, w/v) | - | |||||||||
0.5 h | 2 h | 4 h | 24 h | 120 h | ||||||
NaMMT | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | |||||
MCA | 0.12 | 0.041 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.014 | |||||
MCAH | 10 | 1.11 | 0.12 | 1.11 | 0.37 | |||||
NaVER | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | >10 | |||||
VCA | >10 | 0.12 | 0.041 | 0.014 | 0.041 | |||||
VCAH | >10 | 0.37 | 1.11 | 1.11 | 0.37 |
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Pazourková, L.; Reli, M.; Hundáková, M.; Pazdziora, E.; Predoi, D.; Simha Martynková, G.; Lafdi, K. Study of the Structure and Antimicrobial Activity of Ca-Deficient Ceramics on Chlorhexidine Nanoclay Substrate. Materials 2019, 12, 2996. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12182996
Pazourková L, Reli M, Hundáková M, Pazdziora E, Predoi D, Simha Martynková G, Lafdi K. Study of the Structure and Antimicrobial Activity of Ca-Deficient Ceramics on Chlorhexidine Nanoclay Substrate. Materials. 2019; 12(18):2996. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12182996
Chicago/Turabian StylePazourková, Lenka, Magda Reli, Marianna Hundáková, Erich Pazdziora, Daniela Predoi, Gražyna Simha Martynková, and Khalid Lafdi. 2019. "Study of the Structure and Antimicrobial Activity of Ca-Deficient Ceramics on Chlorhexidine Nanoclay Substrate" Materials 12, no. 18: 2996. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12182996