Mechanical Properties and Carbonation Durability of Engineered Cementitious Composites Reinforced by Polypropylene and Hydrophilic Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Material Properties
2.2. Mix Design
2.3. Experimental Work
2.3.1. Mechanical Property Tests
2.3.2. Durability Tests
3. Result and Discussion
3.1. Mechanical Property Tests
3.2. Durability Ability
4. Conclusions
- Cost-efficient ECC materials can be obtained by addition of PP fibers, HPVA fibers, and relatively coarse sand.
- Compressive strength is increased upon increasing fiber content to 1 vol % but decreased slightly beyond that volume fraction due to the dispersivity and air content created in the matrix by the higher volume fraction of the fiber.
- Bending performance and impact resistance are both significantly affected by the fiber types and fiber contents. In general, cracking strength, post-cracking strength, and initial/final impact resistance energy increased with increasing fiber contents, and ECC materials with HPVA fiber showed higher bending and impact resistance than those with PP fiber.
- ECC materials with PP fiber and HPVA fiber show a lower strain capacity than those with oiled PVA fiber and PE fiber. However, low manufacturing costs make the ECC materials suitable for use.
- Carbonation tests on PP-ECC with 2 vol % PP fiber revealed a carbonation depth of only 0.8 mm, which illustrates superior carbonation durability and greater protection for rebar over prolonged use.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Materials | Chemical Compositions (Mass Fraction, %) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | SO3 | NaO | K2O | |
PC | 9.68 | 3.63 | 3.91 | 50.59 | 1.55 | 1.45 | 0.12 | 0.39 |
FA | 26.44 | 15.2 | 7.11 | 9.07 | 1.3 | 0.83 | 0.95 | 1.57 |
Name | Diameter (μm) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Tensile Modulus (GPa) | Length (mm) | Density (g/cm3) | Elongation Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PP | 16 | ≥500 | 3.5 | 12 | 0.91 | 15~20 |
HPVA | 39 | ≥1600 | 42.8 | 12 | 1.3 | 6~8 |
Groups | Volume Fraction (%) | Weight Ratio of Matrix | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PP | PVA | PC | FA | Water | Silica Sand | CSA | PSP | |
PCC | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.1% |
PP-ECC-1% | 1 | 0 | ||||||
PP-ECC-1.5% | 1.5 | 0 | ||||||
PP-ECC-2% | 2 | 0 | ||||||
HPVA-ECC-1% | 0 | 1 | ||||||
HPVA-ECC-1.5% | 0 | 1.5 | ||||||
HPVA-ECC-2% | 0 | 2 |
Group | N1 (Times) | W1 (J) | N2 (times) | W2 (J) |
---|---|---|---|---|
PCC | 8 | 176.58 | 13.75 | 303.5 |
PP-ECC-1% | 28.8 | 635.69 | 184.25 | 4066.86 |
PP-ECC-1.5% | 29.5 | 651.14 | 428.5 | 9458.07 |
PP-ECC-2% | 31 | 684.25 | 552.75 | 12,200.57 |
HPVA-ECC-1% | 146 | 3222.59 | 339.75 | 7499.13 |
HPVA-ECC-1.5% | 411 | 9071.8 | 1212 | 26,751.87 |
HPVA-ECC-2% | 1285.5 | 283,374.2 | 2664.5 | 58,812.18 |
NO. | ω0 | ω | ω01 | ω1 | ω02 | ω2 | Lw (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R01 | - | - | 55.516 | 55.142 | - | - | - |
R02 | - | - | - | - | 57.046 | 56.733 | - |
R1 | 49.085 | 48.711 | - | - | - | - | 0.062 |
R2 | 52.276 | 51.887 | - | - | - | - | 0.087 |
R3 | 55.691 | 55.312 | - | - | - | - | 0.064 |
R4 | 57.737 | 53.345 | - | - | - | - | 7.012 |
R5 | 50.668 | 50.289 | - | - | - | - | 0.070 |
R6 | 58.949 | 58.587 | - | - | - | - | 0.031 |
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Zhang, W.; Yin, C.; Ma, F.; Huang, Z. Mechanical Properties and Carbonation Durability of Engineered Cementitious Composites Reinforced by Polypropylene and Hydrophilic Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers. Materials 2018, 11, 1147. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11071147
Zhang W, Yin C, Ma F, Huang Z. Mechanical Properties and Carbonation Durability of Engineered Cementitious Composites Reinforced by Polypropylene and Hydrophilic Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers. Materials. 2018; 11(7):1147. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11071147
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Wei, Chenglong Yin, Fuquan Ma, and Zhiyi Huang. 2018. "Mechanical Properties and Carbonation Durability of Engineered Cementitious Composites Reinforced by Polypropylene and Hydrophilic Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers" Materials 11, no. 7: 1147. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11071147