Longitudinal Mechano-Sorptive Creep Behavior of Chinese Fir in Tension during Moisture Adsorption Processes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Method
2.1. Materials
2.2. Experimental Procedure
2.2.1. Free Swelling Tests at RHI Conditions
2.2.2. VEC and MSC Tests at RHI Conditions
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Moisture Adsorption Behavior
3.2. Free Swelling
3.3. VEC at Constant MC and MSC during the Adsorption Process
3.4. Application of the Rheological Model under the Assumption of Partitioned Strain
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- Both the VEC and MSC increased with the magnitude of applied stress, and the increasing RH level. Under all RHI conditions, the strain of MSC during the adsorption process was greater than that of VEC at constant MC. The variation of VEC at four RH levels is attributed to the water plasticization effect, whereas the discrepancy of MSC can be seen as a result of the water plasticization effect and the unstable state in the wood cell wall. The unstable state is attributed to the formation of free volumes in the cell walls, and rearrangement of hydrogen bonds. In this study, the RH level promoted the relaxation behavior in MSC, while it slightly affected the relaxation behavior in VEC.
- (2)
- The rheological model used to calculate the MS strain cannot be applied to the tensile creep behavior in this study. The decreased MFA under tensile stress caused the swelling under load to be lower than that in the absence of load, resulting in a smaller MS strain. More importantly, the great difficulty of the rheological model was to isolate the various effects by avoiding inopportune couplings among the anatomic structure of wood, climate conditions, and the load model.
- (3)
- The present work added to the knowledge of creep behaviors in wood, and provided first-hand data regarding the application of the rheological model under the assumption of partitioned strain for tensile creep behaviors. These results can function, in practice, as a basis for safe structural designs of engineering structures of Chinese fir. Given the anisotropy of wood, the arrangement of the constituents had a profound influence on the wood properties in its anatomical directions. The effect of anatomical directions on the application of the rheological model under the assumption of partitioned strain must be investigated with various load models in the future.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Stress (MPa) | VEC | MSC | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20% RH | 40% RH | 60% RH | 80% RH | 20% RH | 40% RH | 60% RH | 80% RH | ||
MC0 | 3.5% | 6.0% | 9.3% | 14.1% | 1.1% | 1.7% | 2.8% | 4.4% | |
εe (%) | 1 | 0.007 | 0.012 | 0.016 | 0.022 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.012 | 0.017 |
1.3 | 0.013 | 0.020 | 0.025 | 0.033 | 0.013 | 0.017 | 0.022 | 0.029 | |
1.6 | 0.017 | 0.028 | 0.037 | 0.042 | 0.016 | 0.024 | 0.035 | 0.041 | |
MC300 | 3.5% | 6.0% | 9.3% | 14.1% | 3.5% | 6.0% | 9.3% | 14.1% | |
εv(300) (%) | 1 | 0.008 | 0.012 | 0.024 | 0.042 | 0.072 | 0.102 | 0.105 | 0.108 |
1.3 | 0.011 | 0.021 | 0.026 | 0.047 | 0.092 | 0.113 | 0.116 | 0.120 | |
1.6 | 0.025 | 0.035 | 0.051 | 0.053 | 0.108 | 0.128 | 0.134 | 0.136 |
Stress (MPa) | RH (%) | VEC | MSC | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a | b | λ | r2 | a | b | λ | r2 | ||
1 | 20 | 0.01 | −0.01 | 18.50 | 0.99 | 0.08 | −0.07 | 85.69 | 0.99 |
40 | 0.02 | −0.01 | 18.26 | 0.99 | 0.10 | −0.09 | 58.68 | 0.99 | |
60 | 0.04 | −0.02 | 17.51 | 0.99 | 0.12 | −0.10 | 35.41 | 0.99 | |
80 | 0.06 | −0.04 | 19.02 | 0.99 | 0.13 | −0.11 | 21.35 | 0.99 | |
1.3 | 20 | 0.02 | −0.01 | 19.32 | 0.99 | 0.10 | −0.08 | 56.45 | 0.99 |
40 | 0.04 | −0.02 | 18.33 | 0.99 | 0.13 | −0.11 | 48.50 | 0.99 | |
60 | 0.05 | −0.02 | 21.25 | 0.98 | 0.14 | −0.11 | 39.77 | 0.99 | |
80 | 0.08 | −0.05 | 19.60 | 0.99 | 0.15 | −0.12 | 32.42 | 0.99 | |
1.6 | 20 | 0.04 | −0.02 | 20.06 | 0.99 | 0.12 | −0.10 | 67.61 | 0.99 |
40 | 0.06 | −0.04 | 19.14 | 0.99 | 0.15 | −0.12 | 54.80 | 0.99 | |
60 | 0.08 | −0.04 | 17.58 | 0.99 | 0.17 | −0.13 | 37.31 | 0.99 | |
80 | 0.10 | −0.05 | 18.07 | 0.99 | 0.18 | −0.14 | 19.36 | 0.99 |
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Peng, H.; Lu, J.; Jiang, J.; Cao, J. Longitudinal Mechano-Sorptive Creep Behavior of Chinese Fir in Tension during Moisture Adsorption Processes. Materials 2017, 10, 931. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10080931
Peng H, Lu J, Jiang J, Cao J. Longitudinal Mechano-Sorptive Creep Behavior of Chinese Fir in Tension during Moisture Adsorption Processes. Materials. 2017; 10(8):931. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10080931
Chicago/Turabian StylePeng, Hui, Jianxiong Lu, Jiali Jiang, and Jinzhen Cao. 2017. "Longitudinal Mechano-Sorptive Creep Behavior of Chinese Fir in Tension during Moisture Adsorption Processes" Materials 10, no. 8: 931. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10080931