Performance Improvement of a Portable Electric Generator Using an Optimized Bio-Fuel Ratio in a Single Cylinder Two-Stroke Engine
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Setup
2.1. Portable Harvesting System
2.2. Engine Characteristics
Item | Value |
---|---|
Displacement (cm3) | 25.4 cm3 |
Bore (mm) | 34 mm |
Stroke (mm) | 28 mm |
Engine power (hp) | 950 W (1.3 hp) at 8500 rpm |
Idle Speed (rpm) | 2800 rpm |
Rated cut off speed (rpm) | 10500 rpm |
Ignition system | Spark plug |
Compression ratio | 7:1 |
2.3. Generator Structural Features
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Rated power (W) | 450 W |
Rated voltage (V) | 100 V |
Rated current (A) | 4.5 A |
Maximum Speed (rpm) | 10,500 rpm |
Armature Resistance (Ω) | 0.8 Ω |
Armature Inductance (mH) | 4 mH |
2.4. Voltage and Torque Equations
3. Fuel Characteristics and Measurement Setup
3.1. Fuel Characteristics
Fuel Property | Ethanol | n-Butanol | Methanol | Gasoline |
---|---|---|---|---|
Chemical formula | C2H5OH | C4H9OH | CH3OH | CH1 |
Specific gravity 15/15 vC | 0.7894 | 0.8097 | 0.7913 | 0.7430 |
Lower heating value (MJ/kg) | 26.83 | 32.01 | 20.08 | 42.9 |
Stoichiometric air–fuel ratio | 8.94 | 11.12 | 6.43 | 14.51 |
Energy density of a Air–fuel mixture (MJ/kg) | 2.699 | 2.641 | 2.750 | 2.769 |
Latent heat of vaporization (kJ/kg) | 838 | 584 | 1098 | 349 |
Octane number (RON) | 129 | 92 | 133 | 95 |
3.2. Experimental Measurement Setup
Electrical Load (Resistive Load) | Throttle Valve Ratio (TVR) | Blending Ratio |
---|---|---|
G (90% ~ 60%) E (10% ~ 40%) | ||
Rext = 10 Ω ~ 100 Ω | 20% ~ 100% | G (90% ~ 60%) B (10% ~ 40%) |
G (90% ~ 60%) M (10% ~ 40%) |
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Voltage and Current Waveforms
4.2. Engine Speed and Power Generation
4.3. Effect of Bio-Fuel-Gasoline Blending Ratio on Output Power of Electric Generator
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
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Misron, N.; Rizuan, S.; Vaithilingam, A.; Mailah, N.F.; Tsuyoshi, H.; Hiroaki, Y.; Yoshihito, S. Performance Improvement of a Portable Electric Generator Using an Optimized Bio-Fuel Ratio in a Single Cylinder Two-Stroke Engine. Energies 2011, 4, 1937-1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/en4111937
Misron N, Rizuan S, Vaithilingam A, Mailah NF, Tsuyoshi H, Hiroaki Y, Yoshihito S. Performance Improvement of a Portable Electric Generator Using an Optimized Bio-Fuel Ratio in a Single Cylinder Two-Stroke Engine. Energies. 2011; 4(11):1937-1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/en4111937
Chicago/Turabian StyleMisron, Norhisam, Suhairi Rizuan, Aravind Vaithilingam, Nashiren Farzilah Mailah, Hanamoto Tsuyoshi, Yamada Hiroaki, and Shirai Yoshihito. 2011. "Performance Improvement of a Portable Electric Generator Using an Optimized Bio-Fuel Ratio in a Single Cylinder Two-Stroke Engine" Energies 4, no. 11: 1937-1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/en4111937
APA StyleMisron, N., Rizuan, S., Vaithilingam, A., Mailah, N. F., Tsuyoshi, H., Hiroaki, Y., & Yoshihito, S. (2011). Performance Improvement of a Portable Electric Generator Using an Optimized Bio-Fuel Ratio in a Single Cylinder Two-Stroke Engine. Energies, 4(11), 1937-1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/en4111937