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Energies
Volume 19
Issue 3
10.3390/en19030746
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Carbon Trading-Driven Optimal Collaborative Scheduling of Integrated Energy Systems with Multiple Flexible Loads

by
Zhenxing Wen
1,
Tao Wu
1,
Dingming Zhuo
1,
Yutao Zhou
1,
Lei Wang
1 and
Dongguo Zhou
2,*
1
Guangdong Power Grid Hui Zhou Power Supply Bureau Co., Ltd., Huizhou 516000, China
2
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2026, 19(3), 746; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030746
Submission received: 30 December 2025 / Revised: 25 January 2026 / Accepted: 28 January 2026 / Published: 30 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in the Integrated Energy System and Its Policy)
Versions Notes

Abstract

To address the challenges associated with energy decarbonization and economic operation in integrated energy systems (IESs), this paper proposes a collaborative optimal dispatch strategy for IES that considers multiple flexible loads under a carbon trading mechanism. First, a mathematical model of user-side loads is constructed according to the characteristics of flexible loads. Second, a comprehensive optimization framework is constructed by embedding the carbon trading mechanism into the IES operational model. The objective function minimizes the total operating costs, including energy purchase costs, fuel costs, carbon trading costs, operation and maintenance costs, compensation costs, and green certificate revenues. The CPLEX solver is then employed to solve the model. Finally, a case study is conducted to validate the proposed method. Simulation results demonstrate that the carbon trading mechanism effectively leverages the demand response capabilities and coordinates multiple resources, including electricity, heat, and storage, thereby achieving low-carbon economic operation of the system.
Keywords: integrated energy systems; carbon trading; flexible load; dispatch strategy integrated energy systems; carbon trading; flexible load; dispatch strategy

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wen, Z.; Wu, T.; Zhuo, D.; Zhou, Y.; Wang, L.; Zhou, D. Carbon Trading-Driven Optimal Collaborative Scheduling of Integrated Energy Systems with Multiple Flexible Loads. Energies 2026, 19, 746. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030746

AMA Style

Wen Z, Wu T, Zhuo D, Zhou Y, Wang L, Zhou D. Carbon Trading-Driven Optimal Collaborative Scheduling of Integrated Energy Systems with Multiple Flexible Loads. Energies. 2026; 19(3):746. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030746

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wen, Zhenxing, Tao Wu, Dingming Zhuo, Yutao Zhou, Lei Wang, and Dongguo Zhou. 2026. "Carbon Trading-Driven Optimal Collaborative Scheduling of Integrated Energy Systems with Multiple Flexible Loads" Energies 19, no. 3: 746. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030746

APA Style

Wen, Z., Wu, T., Zhuo, D., Zhou, Y., Wang, L., & Zhou, D. (2026). Carbon Trading-Driven Optimal Collaborative Scheduling of Integrated Energy Systems with Multiple Flexible Loads. Energies, 19(3), 746. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19030746

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