Improving the Efficiency of Oil and Gas Wells Complicated by the Formation of Asphalt–Resin–Paraffin Deposits
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Summary and Prospects
- Prepare a solvent for injection into the well. The composition of the used solvent consists of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents, and a nonionic surfactant. It is a depressor-dispersing additive containing a Yalan-E2 emulsifier, a copolymer of ethylene with alpha–olefins having a molecular weight of 500 to 100,000, or polyalkyl acrylate. The solvent has high flushing and dispersing ability with respect to ARPDs; therefore, it can be proposed for removing deposits in oil wells (for flushing downhole equipment from deposits) (Russian patent No. 2632845) [115].The volume of solvent (V, m3) required for cleaning the production string and pumping equipment from ARPDs without lifting the downhole equipment (sucker rod pumps) is calculated according to the formula:H is the pump-setting depth, m;V1 is the specific annular volume, m3/m;VT is the tubing volume, m3;Vrs is the rod string volume, m3.
- Stop the down-hole pumping unit. Connect the pumping unit to an annular valve and to a tank truck with a solvent. The solvent can be pumped with or without a packer. When connecting a tank truck with a solvent and a unit to a well annulus, it is necessary to: put the injection line of the pumping unit under pressure of 1.5 times the working pressure permissible for the production string of the well; open the valves, check for circulation; the injection pressure of chemicals should not exceed 8.0 MPa; ensure the tightness of the lines; use the sealing elements made of oil-resistant materials; the minimum feed rate of reagents is 3–4 L/s.
- Inject the solvent using the cemented aggregate unit through the annulus in a volume equal to the annular volume and the tubing volume to the wellhead. The technological scheme for injection of an ARPD solvent into a well is presented in Figure 1.
- Leave the well to react for 8–10 h.
- The processed products are sent to the flow line.
- Selection of an ARPD inhibitor and determining its minimum effective concentration required for inhibiting ARPDs in the BHFZ and, accordingly, in downhole equipment. The ARPD inhibitor is pumped (injected) into the formation in the form of a 15–20% solution. Oil is used as a solvent. In order for the ARPD inhibitor to be flushed out by the produced fluid from the BHFZ for a long (120–180 days) time, the ARPD inhibitor solution must not only be injected into the BHFZ but also displaced into the depth of the formation.
- Calculation of the amount of inhibitor (minh, kg) for injection into the BHFZ [116].
- Calculation of the volume of solvent (oil) (Voil, m3) for preparing a 15–20% ARPD inhibitor solution:Cinh is the concentration of an ARPD inhibitor in solution—15–20%;is the density of an inhibitor, kg/m3;
- Calculation of the volume of displacement fluid (oil) (Vdis, m3), pumped into the BHFZ after the inhibitor solution:(5 … 10) is 5 to 10 times the volume of displacement fluid;Vsol is the volume of the solution, including the volume of oil (Voil) and the volume of an ARPD inhibitor ();Vinh is the volume of an ARPD inhibitor;m is the effective porosity of the producing formation, unit fractions;V0—is the tubing volume, m3;V1 is the volume of the production casing from the tubing shoe to the lower perforations, m3;dT is the inner diameter of tubing, m;hperf is the depth of the lower perforations, m;hT is the tubing running depth, m;l is the tubing length, m.
- Preparation of a 15–20% inhibitor solution in a boiler or measuring tank of the Cemented aggregate unit;
- Injection of the ARPD inhibitor solution into the BHFZ by the cemented aggregate unit;
- Displacement of the ARPD inhibitor solution with oil into the formation (with a closed annulus) by the cemented aggregate unit;
- Reacting. The well is shut down for 12–24 h and all operations are stopped so that the ARPD inhibitor is adsorbed onto the rock surface;
- Lifting of technological tubing and lowering of downhole equipment;
- Starting up the well and bringing it to operating mode.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nurgalieva, K.S.; Saychenko, L.A.; Riazi, M. Improving the Efficiency of Oil and Gas Wells Complicated by the Formation of Asphalt–Resin–Paraffin Deposits. Energies 2021, 14, 6673. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14206673
Nurgalieva KS, Saychenko LA, Riazi M. Improving the Efficiency of Oil and Gas Wells Complicated by the Formation of Asphalt–Resin–Paraffin Deposits. Energies. 2021; 14(20):6673. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14206673
Chicago/Turabian StyleNurgalieva, Karina Shamilyevna, Liliya Albertovna Saychenko, and Masoud Riazi. 2021. "Improving the Efficiency of Oil and Gas Wells Complicated by the Formation of Asphalt–Resin–Paraffin Deposits" Energies 14, no. 20: 6673. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14206673