The Effect of Marshallian and Jacobian Knowledge Spillovers on Jobs in the Solar, Wind and Energy Efficiency Sector
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Department of Economic and Statistical Sciences, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
2
The Ratio Institute, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden
3
Economics Department, Lulea University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Sergio Ulgiati, Marco Casazza, Pedro L. Lomas and Wen-Hsien Tsai
Energies 2021, 14(14), 4269; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144269
Received: 28 May 2021
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Revised: 25 June 2021
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Accepted: 13 July 2021
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Published: 14 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Energy, Environment and Well-Being)
The purpose of this paper is to establish if Marshallian and Jacobian knowledge spillovers affect job creation in the green energy sector. Whether these two effects exist is important for the number of jobs created in related fields and jobs pushed away in other sectors. In the analysis, the production efficiency, in terms of jobs and job spillovers, from inventions in solar, wind and energy efficiency, is explored through data envelopment analysis (DEA), based on the Malmquist productivity index, and tobit regression. A panel dataset of American and European firms over the period of 2002–2017 is used. The contribution to the literature is to show the role of the spillovers from the same technology sector (Marshallian externalities), and of the spillovers from more diversified activity (Jacobian externalities). Since previous empirical evidence concerning the innovation effects on the production efficiency is yet weak, the paper attempts to bridge this gap. The empirical findings suggest negative Marshallian externalities, while Jacobian externalities have no statistical impact on the job creation process. The findings are of strategic importance for governments who are developing industrial strategies for renewable energy.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Aldieri, L.; Grafström, J.; Vinci, C.P. The Effect of Marshallian and Jacobian Knowledge Spillovers on Jobs in the Solar, Wind and Energy Efficiency Sector. Energies 2021, 14, 4269. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144269
AMA Style
Aldieri L, Grafström J, Vinci CP. The Effect of Marshallian and Jacobian Knowledge Spillovers on Jobs in the Solar, Wind and Energy Efficiency Sector. Energies. 2021; 14(14):4269. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144269
Chicago/Turabian StyleAldieri, Luigi, Jonas Grafström, and Concetto P. Vinci. 2021. "The Effect of Marshallian and Jacobian Knowledge Spillovers on Jobs in the Solar, Wind and Energy Efficiency Sector" Energies 14, no. 14: 4269. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144269
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