Solid Fuel Production from Semi-Natural Grassland Biomass—Results from a Commercial-Scale IFBB Plant
1
Grassland Science and Renewable Plant Resources, Universität Kassel, Steinstrasse 19, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany
2
Abfallswirtschaftsgesellschaft des Rems-Murr-Kreises, 71332 Waiblingen, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2018, 11(11), 3011; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11113011
Received: 24 August 2018 / Revised: 21 September 2018 / Accepted: 24 October 2018 / Published: 1 November 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Conversion of Rural and Urban Residual Biomass)
Biomass-based energy accounts for a notable share of renewable heat and electricity generation in Germany. Due to limited alternative uses, biomass obtained from management of semi-natural grasslands is a potential feedstock. Technical and environmental limitations exist in using this biomass for combustion, due to the presence of harmful elements. Converting biomass using integrated generation of solid fuel and biogas from biomass system (IFBB) produces a solid fuel with lower concentrations of harmful elements and a press liquid usable for biogas generation. In this study, solid fuel generation with a commercial scale IFBB unit was investigated. The concentration of harmful elements such as N, S, Cl, and K in the solid fuel was significantly reduced compared to the original biomass silage. Emissions during combustion of the solid fuel briquettes were below German legal thresholds. Elemental concentration of solid fuel obtained from commercial scale process had a significant improvement in removal rate of harmful elements than the prototype. Hence, the limitations of using semi-natural grassland biomass as an energy source were overcome. The commercial scale IFBB plant could be used in practice to handle large volumes of green residual biomass by converting it into a solid fuel with favorable fuel properties.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
solid fuel; residual biomass; commercial scale
▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Joseph, B.; Hensgen, F.; Bühle, L.; Wachendorf, M. Solid Fuel Production from Semi-Natural Grassland Biomass—Results from a Commercial-Scale IFBB Plant. Energies 2018, 11, 3011. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11113011
AMA Style
Joseph B, Hensgen F, Bühle L, Wachendorf M. Solid Fuel Production from Semi-Natural Grassland Biomass—Results from a Commercial-Scale IFBB Plant. Energies. 2018; 11(11):3011. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11113011
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoseph, Ben; Hensgen, Frank; Bühle, Lutz; Wachendorf, Michael. 2018. "Solid Fuel Production from Semi-Natural Grassland Biomass—Results from a Commercial-Scale IFBB Plant" Energies 11, no. 11: 3011. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11113011
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
Search more from Scilit
