Antioxidative and Chemopreventive Properties of Vernonia amygdalina and Garcinia biflavonoid
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Vernonia amygdalina (Asteraceae)
2.1. Botanical Classification
2.2. Compounds Isolated from Vernonia amygdalina
2.3. Traditional Uses of Vernonia amygdalina
2.4. Biological Activities of Vernonia amygdalina
2.4.1. Antioxidant Activity
2.4.2. Chemopreventive Properties of Vernonia amygdalina
3. Garcinia kola Heckel (Guttiferae)
3.1. Medicinal Uses of Garcinia kola
3.2. Biological Properties of Garcinia kola
3.3. Chemical Composition of Garcinia kola
3.4. Antioxidant and Radical Scavenging Effects of Garcinia Biflavonoid (kolaviron)
3.4.1. Effects of Garcinia Biflavonoid on LDL Oxidation and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress
3.4.2. Effects of Kolaviron on Oxidative DNA Damage
3.5. Chemopreventive Properties of Garcinia Biflavonoid
3.5.1. Antigenotoxic Effect of Garcinia Biflavonoid
3.5.2. Effect of Garcinia Biflavonoid on Stress Response Proteins and Transcription Factors
3.5.3. Antiproliferative Potentials of Garcinia Biflavonoid
4. Conclusions and Future Direction
Acknowledgments
References
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Name of Compound | Class of Compound | Author (s) |
---|---|---|
Vernodalin | Sesquiterpene lactone | Kupchan et al. (1969) [4] |
Vernomygdin | Sesquiterpene lactone | Kupchan et al. (1969) [4] |
Vernoniosides A1, A2, A3, B1 | Steroid Glucosides | Jisaka et al. (1992) [34] |
Vernoniosides A4, B2, B3 | Steroid Glucosides | Jisaka et al. (1993) [35] |
Vernoniosides D and E | Steroid glycosides | Igile et al. (1995) [33] |
Vernodalol | Sesquiterpene lactone | Ganjian et al. 1983 [23]; Erasto et al. 2006 [16] |
Epivernodalol | Sesquiterpene lactone | Owoeye et al. (2010) [37] |
Code | GI50 (μg/mL) | TGI (μg/mL) | LC50 (μg/mL) |
---|---|---|---|
MEVA (extract) | 86 ± 1.3 | 141.3 ± 4.7 | 199 ± 10.8 |
VAD (fraction) | 3.3 ± 0.3** | 6.3 ± 0.3** | 10.6 ± 0.8** |
VAP (fraction) | 9.7 ± 2.3* | 21.2 ± 5.4* | 37.7 ± 4.4* |
Epivernodalol | 1.76 ± 0.3** | 7.33 ± 0.55** | 22 ± 1.2** |
Doxorubicin | 0.01 ± 0 | 0.07 ± 0.03 | 0.48 ± 0.1 |
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Farombi, E.O.; Owoeye, O. Antioxidative and Chemopreventive Properties of Vernonia amygdalina and Garcinia biflavonoid. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2011, 8, 2533-2555. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8062533
Farombi EO, Owoeye O. Antioxidative and Chemopreventive Properties of Vernonia amygdalina and Garcinia biflavonoid. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2011; 8(6):2533-2555. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8062533
Chicago/Turabian StyleFarombi, Ebenezer O., and Olatunde Owoeye. 2011. "Antioxidative and Chemopreventive Properties of Vernonia amygdalina and Garcinia biflavonoid" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 8, no. 6: 2533-2555. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8062533
APA StyleFarombi, E. O., & Owoeye, O. (2011). Antioxidative and Chemopreventive Properties of Vernonia amygdalina and Garcinia biflavonoid. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 8(6), 2533-2555. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8062533