Climate Change and the Rise of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases in Africa: A Literature Review
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Climate Change and the Rise of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases in Africa
2.1. Making the Case: The Impacts of Climate Change and Climate Hazards on the Disease Burden in Africa
2.1.1. Climate Change and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases
2.1.2. Climate Hazards and Specific Infectious Diseases in Africa
2.2. Health Systems and Social Implications of Climate Change-Triggered Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases
2.3. Key Challenges and Trends in Climate Change-Triggered Infectious Diseases
3. Mitigating the Impacts of Climate-Induced Health Hazards
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AfCFTA | African Continental Free Trade Area |
COVID-19 | Coronavirus Disease 2019 |
GDP | Gross Domestic Product |
IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |
Mpox | Monkey Pox |
SADC | Southern African Development Community |
WASH | water, sanitation, and hygiene |
WHO | World Health Organization |
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Agyarko, R.K.D.; Kithinji, D.; Nsarhaza, K.B. Climate Change and the Rise of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases in Africa: A Literature Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22, 903. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22060903
Agyarko RKD, Kithinji D, Nsarhaza KB. Climate Change and the Rise of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases in Africa: A Literature Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2025; 22(6):903. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22060903
Chicago/Turabian StyleAgyarko, Robert Kwame D., Dennis Kithinji, and Kizito Bishikwabo Nsarhaza. 2025. "Climate Change and the Rise of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases in Africa: A Literature Review" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 22, no. 6: 903. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22060903
APA StyleAgyarko, R. K. D., Kithinji, D., & Nsarhaza, K. B. (2025). Climate Change and the Rise of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases in Africa: A Literature Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 22(6), 903. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22060903