A Cohort Study on Diabetic Undocumented Migrants in Italy: Can Charitable Organizations Contribute to Higher Adherence?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Source and Study Design
2.2. Variables
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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Documented NHS n = 6155 | Undocumented OSF n = 274 | p-Value Chi-Squared Test | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | F | 55% (3368) | 48% (131) | 0.03 |
M | 45% (2787) | 52% (143) | ||
Age | <40 | 21% (1306) | 12% (32) | p < 0.01 |
40–49 | 23% (1441) | 26% (71) | ||
49 < age < 60 50–59 | 28% (1731) | 34% (92) | ||
59 < age < 70 60–69 | 17% (1075) | 22% (59) | ||
Age > 69 70+ | 10% (602) | 7% (20) | ||
Continent | Africa | 28% (1750) | 21% (56) | p < 0.01 |
America | 14% (846) | 41% (112) | ||
Asia | 43% (2649) | 11% (31) | ||
Europe | 13% (800) | 27% (75) | ||
Missing | 2% (110) | 0% (0) | ||
Therapy | No | 26% (1623) | 12% (34) | 0.01 |
Oral | 54% (3348) | 62% (169) | ||
Insulin | 10% (592) | 14% (38) | ||
Oral and insulin | 10% (592) | 12% (33) |
Independent Variable | Risk Ratio (95% Confidence Intervals) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Undocumented OSF (vs. Documented NHS) | 1.19 *** (1.12–1.26) | <0.001 | |
Gender Male (vs. Female) | 0.97 * (0.94–1.00) | 0.072 | |
Age class (vs. under 40 years) | 40–49 years | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) | 0.189 |
50–59 years | 1.04 * (0.99–1.09) | 0.100 | |
60–69 years | 1.00 (0.95–1.05) | 0.927 | |
Over 69 years | 0.92 ** (0.85–0.98) | 0.014 | |
Continent (vs. Africa) | America | 1.05 * (1.00–1.10) | 0.067 |
Asia | 1.05 *** (1.01–1.09) | 0.019 | |
Europe | 1.06 *** (1.01–1.12) | 0.032 | |
Therapy (vs. no therapy) | Oral therapy | 1.04 *** (1.00–1.09) | 0.043 |
Insulin therapy | 1.13 *** (1.06–1.19) | <0.001 | |
Oral and insulin therapy | 1.31 *** (1.24–1.37) | <0.001 |
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Listorti, E.; Torbica, A.; Cella, S.G.; Fiorini, G.; Corrao, G.; Franchi, M. A Cohort Study on Diabetic Undocumented Migrants in Italy: Can Charitable Organizations Contribute to Higher Adherence? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 2794. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042794
Listorti E, Torbica A, Cella SG, Fiorini G, Corrao G, Franchi M. A Cohort Study on Diabetic Undocumented Migrants in Italy: Can Charitable Organizations Contribute to Higher Adherence? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):2794. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042794
Chicago/Turabian StyleListorti, Elisabetta, Aleksandra Torbica, Silvano G. Cella, Gianfrancesco Fiorini, Giovanni Corrao, and Matteo Franchi. 2023. "A Cohort Study on Diabetic Undocumented Migrants in Italy: Can Charitable Organizations Contribute to Higher Adherence?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 2794. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042794