Frailty Syndrome in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Diseases–What Do We Know and What Requires Further Research?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. FS and Coronary Artery Disease
3. FS in Hypertension
4. Frailty Syndrome and Atrial Fibrillation
5. FS and Heart Failure
6. FS and Implantable Devices
7. FS and Cardiac Surgery and TAVI
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Coronary artery disease | Frail scale [20]; Frailty Phenotype [21]; Clinical Frailty Scale [22,23]; The Edmonton Frail Scale [21]; |
Hypertension | Frail scale [24]; Frailty Index [25,26]; Clinical Frailty Scale [25]; Frailty Phenotype [25,27]; Gait speed [26]; Tilburg Frailty Indicator [28]; The Basic Checklist for Frailty—BCF [29]; |
Atrial fibrillation | Frailty Phenotype [30]; Frailty Index [30,31,32,33]; Clinical Frailty Scale [34,35];The Edmonton Frail Scale [34,35]; Tilburg Frailty Indicator [35]; Frail scale [35]; Gait speed [26,36]; |
Heart Failure | Frailty Phenotype [37,38,39,40], Gait speed [33]; Frailty index [37,41]; Tilburg Frailty Indicator [37,42]; Aging Clinical Frailty Scale [33]; Handgrip strength [33]; |
Implantable devices | Gait speed [43]; Frailty Phenotype [43,44,45]; The Edmonton Frail Scale [21]; Tilburg Frailty Indicator [46,47,48]; |
Cardiac surgery and TAVI | Frailty Phenotype [49,50], Gait speed [4,51,52,53] The Essential Frailty Toolset [51]; Frailty index [49]; Clinical Frailty Scale [49]; Clinical Frailty Scale [49]; Simplified Comprehensive Assessment of Frailty [50]; Modified Fried Frailty Criteria [50]; Frailty scale [53]; |
Coronary artery disease | |
Hypertension |
|
Atrial fibrillation |
|
Heart Failure |
|
Implantable devices |
|
Cardiac surgery and TAVI |
|
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Wleklik, M.; Denfeld, Q.; Lisiak, M.; Czapla, M.; Kałużna-Oleksy, M.; Uchmanowicz, I. Frailty Syndrome in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Diseases–What Do We Know and What Requires Further Research? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042234
Wleklik M, Denfeld Q, Lisiak M, Czapla M, Kałużna-Oleksy M, Uchmanowicz I. Frailty Syndrome in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Diseases–What Do We Know and What Requires Further Research? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(4):2234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042234
Chicago/Turabian StyleWleklik, Marta, Quin Denfeld, Magdalena Lisiak, Michał Czapla, Marta Kałużna-Oleksy, and Izabella Uchmanowicz. 2022. "Frailty Syndrome in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Diseases–What Do We Know and What Requires Further Research?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4: 2234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042234