Nutrition-Education-Based Interventions in Gestational Diabetes: A Scoping Review of Clinical Trials
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Diabetes Self-Management Education
3.2. Medical Nutrition Therapy
4. Discussion and Conclusions
4.1. Discussion
4.2. Strengths and Limitations
4.3. Future Directions
4.4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author, Year (Country) | Study Design | Gestational Age at Intervention | DSME Intervention | Nutrition Education Content of DSME | Assessment of Clinical Endpoints |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
He et al., 2022 (China) [15] | RCT (n = 170) | 28.3 ± 4 wks | Structured HE; exercise; BG self-monitoring; personalized psychological nursing; PA | Low-fat, high-fiber, low-glycemic diet | ↓ 2hPPG, FPG |
Tian et al., 2021 (China) [16] | RCT (n = 269) | 23–30 wks | Weekly management/HE messages through WeChat; BG self-monitoring; PA | Increasing food diversity, high-fiber cereals; recipes; photos of meals; PA | ↑ BG control |
Guo et al., 2021 (China) [17] | RCT (n = 140) | 26.7 ± 3 wks | Integrated doctor and nurse communication; WeChat HE communication for families and patients; PA | Five to six meals/day; avoid high sugar, oil and fat; avoid a spicy diet; prioritize F/V | ↓ 2hPPG, FPG ↑ self-management ability |
Yew et al., 2021 (Singapore) [18] | RCT (n = 333) | 27 ± 3.2 wks | Structured HE based on HBM; smartphone app with more detailed dietary/PA guidance | CHO and kcal amounts of culturally relevant foods | ↓ proportion of BG above targets |
Borgen et al., 2019 (Norway) [19] | RCT (n = 233) | <33 wks | Structured HE; exercise; BG self-monitoring; smartphone app with more detailed diet/PA recommendations, feedback on BG | Culturally adapted diet suggestions; limited sugar; increased WG, F/V; small meals | ∅ |
Mohebbi et al., 2019 (Iran) [20] | RCT, quazi-experimental (n = 110) | Not provided | Structured HE based on HBM; BG self-monitoring; phone call reminders; motivational interviewing | Healthy diet | ↓ HbA1c |
Kolivand et al., 2019 (Iran) [21] | RCT (n = 151) | 26.7 ± 5 wks | Structured HE up to 34 wks GA; self-care guidebook, log book; educational DVDs; stress reduction; PA; BG self-monitoring | Nutrition assessment and control | ↓ 2hPPG |
Carolan-Olah et al., 2019 (Australia) [22] | RCT (n = 110) | 28–32 wks | Structured HE; web-access to HE with quizzes; healthy habits, lifestyle; emotions; BG self-monitoring | Healthy food choices; healthy shopping; increase V; identify sugar | ↓ BMI, SBP, glycemic level |
Durnwald et al., 2016 (United States) [23] | RCT (n = 101) | 30.8 ± 2 wks | Structured behavioral modification HE; motivational messaging; weekly phone call review; pedometer for PA; BG self-monitoring | ADA dietary guidelines; nutritional facts | ∅ |
Author, Year (Country) | Study Design | Gestational Age at Intervention | MNT Intervention | Assessment of Clinical Endpoints |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yuan et al., 2020 (China) [24] | RCT (n = 312) | 24–28 wks | 12 h comprehensive nutrition care process; five meals individualized to personal needs over 12 h; education on food exchange method and calorie counting | ↓ 2hPPG, FPG, GWG, incidence of complications |
Lv et al., 2019 (China) [25] | RCT (n = 134) | 35 wks | Personalized diet based on ideal weight, actual weight gain, eating habits; education based on blood glycemic load | ↓ 2hPPG, FPG; ∅ incidence of complications |
Moreno-Castilla et al., 2013 (Spain) [26] | RCT (n = 130) | 30.4 ± 3 wks | Caloric intake calculated based on pre-pregnancy body weight; 20% PRO, 40% CHO, 40% fat; design of three meals and three snacks per day divided by CHO distribution | ∅ |
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Helm, M.M.; Izuora, K.; Basu, A. Nutrition-Education-Based Interventions in Gestational Diabetes: A Scoping Review of Clinical Trials. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12926. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912926
Helm MM, Izuora K, Basu A. Nutrition-Education-Based Interventions in Gestational Diabetes: A Scoping Review of Clinical Trials. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12926. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912926
Chicago/Turabian StyleHelm, Macy M., Kenneth Izuora, and Arpita Basu. 2022. "Nutrition-Education-Based Interventions in Gestational Diabetes: A Scoping Review of Clinical Trials" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12926. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912926