Analysis of Palliative Care Utilization and Medical Expenses among Patients with Chronic Diseases in Taiwan: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Source
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Variable and Outcome Definitions
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Baseline | Overall Population (n = 4061) | |
---|---|---|
N (%) | ||
Sex | Male | 2137 (52.62%) |
Female | 1924 (47.38%) | |
Age group (years) | <50 | 99 (2.44%) |
50–64 | 370 (9.11%) | |
65–74 | 521 (12.83%) | |
75–84 | 1284 (31.62%) | |
≥85 | 1787 (44%) | |
Age (years) | 78 (10.40) | |
Hypertension | 2858 (70.38%) | |
Hyperlipidemia | 2588 (63.73%) | |
COPD | 2716 (66.88%) | |
Total medical expense | 199,173 (312,457) | |
LOS | 9.63 (8.65) | |
Total medical expense/LOS | 38,936 (93,430) |
Baseline | Without Emergency Treatment (n = 3976) | With Emergency Treatment (n = 85) | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | ||||
Sex | Male | 2086 (52.46%) | 51 (60%) | 0.169 |
Female | 1890 (47.54%) | 34 (40%) | ||
Age group (years) | <50 | 93 (2.34%) | 6 (7.06%) | <0.001 *** |
50–64 | 360 (9.05%) | 10 (11.76%) | ||
65–74 | 501 (12.6%) | 20 (23.53%) | ||
75–84 | 1259 (31.66%) | 25 (29.41%) | ||
≥85 | 1763 (44.34%) | 24 (28.24%) | ||
Age (years) | 78.11 (10.30) | 72.82 (13.63) | <0.001 *** | |
Hypertension | 2789 (70.15%) | 69 (81.70%) | 0.028 * | |
Hyperlipidemia | 2532 (63.68%) | 56 (65.88%) | 0.676 | |
COPD | 2662 (66.95%) | 54 (63.53%) | 0.507 | |
Total medical expense | 190,945 (304,309) | 584,088 (428,334) | <0.001 *** | |
LOS | 9.64 (8.65) | 9.05 (8.77) | 0.529 | |
Total medical expense/LOS | 36,663 (88,736) | 143,223 (193,073) | <0.001 *** | |
Previous 1 year | ||||
Emergency treatment 1 year before PC ward | CPR | 8 | - | - |
Electric shock | 3 | - | - | |
Intubation | 58 | - | - | |
Life support status | ||||
Vital signs | Urinary catheter | 600 (15.09%) | 27 (31.76%) | <0.001 *** |
Nasogastric tube | 747 (18.79%) | 56 (65.88%) | <0.001 *** | |
Respirator | 148 (3.72%) | 74 (87.06%) | <0.001 *** |
Baseline | Overall | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Medical Expense | Survival Time (Days) | ||||
Emergency Treatment | Emergency Treatment | ||||
No (n = 3976) | Yes (n = 85) | No (n = 3976) | Yes (n = 85) | ||
Sex | Male | 200,202 (309,943) | 580,387 (418,476) | 108.30 (234.40) | 97.39 (136.30) |
Female | 180,727 (297,715) | 589,640 (449,026) | 112.70 (260.80) | 69.56 (94.16) | |
Age | <50 | 380,062 (571,354) | 1,212,202 (823,866) | 203.8 (404.1) | 161.7 (223.2) |
50~64 | 247,602 (498,784) | 753,754 (337,509) | 127.2 (343.9) | 183.9 (225.4) | |
65–74 | 189,850 (251,347) | 608,391 (445,599) | 101.6 (248.6) | 73.4 (79.76) | |
75–84 | 197,827 (315,165) | 480,429 (291,491) | 112.60 (248.10) | 70.76 (89.35) | |
≥85 | 164,795 (221,519) | 444,092 (277,787) | 103.00 (207.90) | 53.58 (48.70) |
Baseline | Top Three Chronic Diseases | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypertension | Hyperlipidemia | COPD | |||||
Emergency Treatment | Emergency Treatment | Emergency Treatment | |||||
Yes (n = 2789) | No (n = 69) | Yes (n = 2532) | No (n = 56) | Yes (n = 2662) | No (n = 54) | ||
Vital signs | Urinary catheter | 397 (14.23%) | 25 (36.23%) | 385 (15.21%) | 17 (30.36%) | 356 (13.37%) | 11 (20.37%) |
Nasogastric tube | 490 (17.57%) | 46 (66.67%) | 460 (18.17%) | 36 (64.29%) | 464 (17.43%) | 32 (59.26%) | |
Respirator | 77 (2.76%) | 61 (88.41%) | 92 (3.63%) | 50 (89.29%) | 103 (3.87%) | 46 (85.19%) | |
Age (years) | 79.30 (8.74) | 74.88 (11.64) | 78.19 (9.91) | 73.43 (13.53) | 79.00 (9.66) | 73.54 (14.45) | |
Survival time (days) | 105.60 (229.40) | 81.26 (115.00) | 104.60 (242.80) | 86.82 (131.30) | 122.20 (257.10) | 76.54 (109.60) | |
Total medical expense | 186,599 (310,259) | 560,141 (374,140) | 179,743 (262,900) | 604,037 (421,797) | 201,028 (305,875) | 555,774 (437,261) |
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Lin, H.-M.; Huang, Y.-C.; Ho, C.-W.; Chen, M. Analysis of Palliative Care Utilization and Medical Expenses among Patients with Chronic Diseases in Taiwan: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12646. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912646
Lin H-M, Huang Y-C, Ho C-W, Chen M. Analysis of Palliative Care Utilization and Medical Expenses among Patients with Chronic Diseases in Taiwan: A Population-Based Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12646. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912646
Chicago/Turabian StyleLin, Hui-Mei, Yen-Chun Huang, Chieh-Wen Ho, and Mingchih Chen. 2022. "Analysis of Palliative Care Utilization and Medical Expenses among Patients with Chronic Diseases in Taiwan: A Population-Based Cohort Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12646. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912646