Development of an mHealth Platform for Adolescent Obesity Prevention: User-Centered Design Approach
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Context
1.2. Related Work
1.3. Goal
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Three-Phase UCD Model
2.1.1. Phase 1—Design Study
2.1.2. Phase 2—Pre-Production Usability Tests
2.1.3. Phase 3—Post-Production Data
3. Results
3.1. Phase 1—Design Study
3.2. Phase 2—Pre-Production Usability Tests
- Avatar (A)—six (out of nine) occurrences
- Information (I)—six (out of nine) occurrences
- Navigation Flow (NF)—five (out of nine) occurrences
3.3. Phase 3—Post-Production Data
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Record Sheet for the Observer
Name: | Area of Expertise: | ||||
Gender: | Date of Birth: | Mobile Phone Model: |
start time: | end time: |
Task #1 Record at least 2 of the meals that you made yesterday. Can you tell me what was the percentage of vegetables that you consumed in those meals? | |
Duration How many seconds did the user take to complete? | |
Expected Path Has the user followed the expected path? | |
[Expected Path] Start—Big Avatar—Click on previous day arrow—Click on one meal (Breakfast or other)—Click on slices that I don’t eat (do that 2 times, 1 for each meal)—Click Back—Click on Daily Balance—See the percentage of vegetables. | |
Reaction What were the user’s expressions and comments? | |
Errors How many clicks in the wrong places? | |
User is LOST What did the user expect the app would do? |
Appendix B. Final Questionnaire (for the User)
Name: | Area of Expertise: | ||||
Gender: | Date of Birth: | Mobile Phone Model: |
How much time did you spend in the app until finding it easy to navigate? Quanto tempo passou na aplicação até a considerar explorada? | |
Did you find the navigation flow simple and easy to use? If not, why? Achou simples e fácil a navegação na aplicação? Se Não, Porquê? | |
Did you find the exercise monitoring area? Steps and calories? If yes, where? Encontrou a zona de monitorização de atividade física? (Passos e calorias?) Se Sim, Onde? | |
Did you find the forum area? If yes, where? Encontrou a zona do forúm? Sim, Onde? | |
Observations and Comments—Observações e Comentários |
Appendix C. Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ)—List of Items
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Games Elements [1] | Universal Principles of Design [2] | Health Procedures | Figure Number |
---|---|---|---|
Three-dimensional virtual environments | Affordance | Integration of clinical procedures behind virtual environments | Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7 |
Self-representation with avatars | Storytelling | Personal ID | Figure 4 |
Narrative context | Immersion; consistency | Common areas easily recognized by adolescents where they should complete requested healthy tasks | Figure 3 |
Feedback | Consistency; mental model | Back-office feedback that allows adolescents to remain committed to their health condition | Figure 3, Figure 8 and Figure 9 |
Ranks and levels | Feedback loop | Back-office feedback that motivates adolescents to continue playing the game | Figure 10 |
Competition under rules | Increase the motivation Fogg Behavior Model [3] | NA |
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Reis, C.I.; Pernencar, C.; Carvalho, M.; Gaspar, P.; Martinho, R.; Frontini, R.; Alves, R.; Sousa, P. Development of an mHealth Platform for Adolescent Obesity Prevention: User-Centered Design Approach. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912568
Reis CI, Pernencar C, Carvalho M, Gaspar P, Martinho R, Frontini R, Alves R, Sousa P. Development of an mHealth Platform for Adolescent Obesity Prevention: User-Centered Design Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912568
Chicago/Turabian StyleReis, Catarina I., Cláudia Pernencar, Marta Carvalho, Pedro Gaspar, Ricardo Martinho, Roberta Frontini, Rodrigo Alves, and Pedro Sousa. 2022. "Development of an mHealth Platform for Adolescent Obesity Prevention: User-Centered Design Approach" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912568