Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
- Background information on DR;
- Statistics and blindness related to DR;
- The risk factors of DR.
2.1. Background Information on DR
2.2. Prevalence of DR
2.3. The Risk Factor
3. Research Gap
4. Suggested Conceptual Framework
5. Proposed Study Framework According to the Proposed Conceptual Framework
- To identify the sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, and complications of T2DM patients in primary health clinics in Sabah;
- To identify the associated factors of DR among T2DM in Sabah primary health clinics;
- To determine the association between DR and sociodemographic data, such as age and gender;
- To determine the association between DR and comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and high body mass index;
- To determine the association between DR and other diabetes complications such as nephropathy, foot ulcer, and cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease;
- To determine the association between DR and above normal HBA1C level.
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Inclusion Criteria | Exclusion Criteria |
---|---|
Study was written in English language | Study was written in other than English language |
Study conducted among type 2 diabetes patients | Study conducted among other than type 2 diabetes patients |
Study conducted among diabetic retinopathy patients | Study on other diabetic complications |
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Naserrudin, N.A.; Jeffree, M.S.; Kaur, N.; Rahim, S.S.S.A.; Ibrahim, M.Y. Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12426. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912426
Naserrudin NA, Jeffree MS, Kaur N, Rahim SSSA, Ibrahim MY. Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12426. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912426
Chicago/Turabian StyleNaserrudin, Nurul Athirah, Mohammad Saffree Jeffree, Nirmal Kaur, Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim, and Mohd Yusof Ibrahim. 2022. "Study on the Development of a Conceptual Framework to Identify the Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients: A Concept Paper" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12426. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912426