Fire Safety Knowledge of Firefighting Equipment among Local and Foreign University Students
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Survey Target and Design
2.2. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Difference in Fire Safety Knowledge among Firefighting Equipment depending on Respondents’ Demographic Information
3.2. Difference between Comprehension and Response for Firefighting Equipment
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- The fire safety knowledge scores of foreign and local university students were moderate.
- Male students exhibited a higher fire safety knowledge score with respect to firefighting equipment compared to female students.
- Foreign students showed a higher fire safety knowledge score with respect to firefighting equipment compared to local university students.
- For all the groups, comprehension scores were higher than response scores for firefighting equipment.
- Female students had difficulty in directly extinguishing the fire using fire extinguishing equipment.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Questionnaire Item | Question | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Personal information | Q 1 | Nationality | ||
Q 2 | Gender | |||
Q 3 | Language skill | |||
Q 4 | Years of residence | |||
Q 5 | Hours completed in safety education | |||
Fire Safety Knowledge | C | F | Q 6–1 | I know what the ‘fire extinguisher’ is. |
Q 6–2 | I know how to use ‘fire extinguisher’. | |||
Q 6–3 | I know what the ‘indoor fire hydrant’ is. | |||
Q 6–4 | I know how to use ‘indoor fire hydrant’. | |||
E | Q 6–5 | I know what the ‘escape ladder’ is. | ||
Q 6–6 | I know how to use ‘escape ladder’. | |||
Q 6–7 | I know what the ‘rescue spiral chute’ is. | |||
Q 6–8 | I know how to use ‘rescue spiral chute’. | |||
Q 6–9 | I know what the ‘descending lifeline’ is. | |||
Q 6–10 | I know how to use ‘descending lifeline’. | |||
Q 6–11 | I know what the ‘escape guidance line’ is. | |||
Q 6–12 | I know how to use ‘escape guidance line’. | |||
Q 6–13 | I know what the ‘exit signs’ is. | |||
Q 6–14 | I know how to use ‘exit signs’. | |||
Q 6–15 | I know what the ‘escape route signs (corridor)’ is. | |||
Q 6–16 | I know how to use ‘escape route signs (corridor)’. | |||
Q 6–17 | I know what the ‘escape route signs (seat)’ is. | |||
Q 6–18 | I know how to use ‘escape route signs (seat)’. | |||
Q 6–19 | I know what the ‘phosphorescent guidance line’ is. | |||
Q 6–20 | I know how to use ‘phosphorescent guidance line’. | |||
R | F | Q 7–1 | I can use ‘fire extinguisher’ in the fire. | |
Q 7–2 | I can use ‘indoor fire hydrant’ in the fire. | |||
E | Q 7–3 | I can use ‘escape ladder’ in the fire. | ||
Q 7–4 | I can use ‘rescue spiral chute’ in the fire. | |||
Q 7–5 | I can use ‘descending lifeline’ in the fire. | |||
Q 7–6 | I can use ‘escape guidance line’ in the fire. | |||
Q 7–7 | I can use ‘exit signs’ in the fire. | |||
Q 7–8 | I can use ‘escape route signs (corridor)’ in the fire. | |||
Q 7–9 | I can use ‘escape route signs (seat)’ in the fire. | |||
Q 7–10 | I can use ‘phosphorescent guidance line’ in the fire. |
Category | Percentage (Number) of | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
All Students (N = 417) | Local Students (N = 144) | Foreign Students (N = 273) | ||
Gender | Male | 53.2 (222) | 60.4 (87) | 49.5 (135) |
Female | 46.8 (195) | 39.6 (57) | 50.5 (138) | |
Language skill | Beginner | 5.5 (15) | ||
Intermediate | 36.3 (99) | |||
Advanced | 58.2 (159) | |||
Years of residence | Less than 2 years | 12.1 (33) | ||
2–4 Years | 19.8 (54) | |||
4–6 Years | 34.1 (96) | |||
More than 6 years | 33.0 (90) | |||
Hours completed in safety education | 2 h | 36.0 (150) | 31.2 (45) | 38.4 (105) |
4 h | 33.1 (138) | 43.8 (63) | 27.5 (75) | |
6 h | 10.0 (42) | 6.2 (9) | 12.1 (33) | |
More than 6 h | 20.9 (87) | 18.8 (27) | 22.0 (60) |
Category | M | S.D | Item (n) | IIC Score |
---|---|---|---|---|
Comprehension | 3.186 | 0.773 | 20 | 0.947 |
Response | 3.040 | 0.789 | 10 | 0.904 |
Fire Safety Knowledge | 6.226 | 1.542 | 30 | 0.964 |
Category | Fire Safety Knowledge | Comprehension | Response | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | S.D | t | p | M | S.D | t | p | M | S.D | t | p | ||
G | Male | 6.547 | 1.525 | 2.671 | 0.008 * | 3.337 | 0.754 | 2.507 | 0.013 ** | 3.209 | 0.784 | 2.761 | 0.007 * |
Female | 5.862 | 1.490 | 3.014 | 0.765 | |||||||||
N | Local | 6.068 | 1.524 | 0.885 | 0.381 | 3.151 | 0.782 | 0.386 | 0.700 | 2.917 | 0.763 | 1.346 | 0.181 |
Foreign | 6.310 | 1.553 | 3.204 | 0.772 | 3.105 | 0.799 |
Category | Fire Safety Knowledge | Comprehension | Response | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | S.D | F | p | M | S.D | F | p | M | S.D | F | p | ||
Years of residence | Less than 2 years | 5.568 | 1.517 | 1.252 | 0.296 | 2.768 | 0.777 | 1.735 | 0.166 | 2.800 | 0.755 | 0.825 | 0.483 |
2–4 Years | 6.356 | 1.703 | 3.244 | 0.862 | 3.111 | 0.859 | |||||||
4–6 Years | 6.253 | 1.745 | 3.172 | 0.831 | 3.081 | 0.929 | |||||||
More than 6 years | 6.615 | 1.196 | 3.375 | 0.603 | 3.240 | 0.611 | |||||||
Language skill | Beginner | 6.330 | 1.402 | 0.514 | 0.600 | 3.170 | 0.740 | 0.647 | 0.526 | 3.160 | 0.666 | 0.396 | 0.674 |
Intermediate | 6.092 | 1.745 | 3.086 | 0.851 | 3.006 | 0.912 | |||||||
Advanced | 6.443 | 1.450 | 3.281 | 0.727 | 3.162 | 0.740 | |||||||
Hours completed in safety education | 2 h | 6.241 | 1.406 | 0.459 | 0.712 | 3.183 | 0.702 | 0.537 | 0.658 | 3.058 | 0.729 | 0.380 | 0.768 |
4 h | 6.336 | 1.599 | 3.247 | 0.798 | 3.089 | 0.821 | |||||||
6 h | 6.400 | 1.220 | 3.300 | 0.614 | 3.100 | 0.636 | |||||||
More than 6 h | 5.943 | 1.827 | 3.040 | 0.922 | 2.903 | 0.917 |
Case | Fire Safety Knowledge | Comprehension | Response | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | S.D | F | p | M | S.D | F | p | M | S.D | F | p | |
Group L-M | 6.740 | 1.442 | 3.023 | 0.032 ** | 3.416 | 0.713 | 2.513 | 0.061 | 3.324 | 0.740 | 3.590 | 0.015 ** |
Group L-F | 5.889 | 1.557 | 2.998 | 0.779 | 2.891 | 0.804 | ||||||
Group F-M | 6.247 | 1.624 | 3.216 | 0.809 | 3.031 | 0.831 | ||||||
Group F-F | 5.795 | 1.351 | 3.053 | 0.749 | 2.742 | 0.627 |
Case | Firefighting Equipment | Comprehension | Response | t | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | S.D | M | S.D | ||||
Total | Total | 3.186 | 0.773 | 3.040 | 0.789 | 1.555 | 0.121 |
Fire extinguishing | 3.529 | 0.841 | 3.155 | 0.959 | 3.459 | 0.001 * | |
Escape | 3.100 | 0.841 | 3.012 | 0.849 | 0.876 | 0.382 | |
Group L-M | Total | 3.416 | 0.713 | 3.324 | 0.740 | 0.595 | 0.554 |
Fire extinguishing | 3.789 | 0.805 | 3.467 | 0.894 | 1.797 | 0.076 | |
Escape | 3.322 | 0.787 | 3.289 | 0.809 | 0.200 | 0.842 | |
Group L-F | Total | 2.998 | 0.779 | 2.891 | 0.804 | 0.646 | 0.520 |
Fire extinguishing | 3.293 | 0.803 | 2.859 | 0.953 | 2.367 | 0.020 ** | |
Escape | 2.924 | 0.831 | 2.899 | 0.835 | 0.142 | 0.887 | |
Group F-M | Total | 3.216 | 0.809 | 3.031 | 0.831 | 0.857 | 0.395 |
Fire extinguishing | 3.655 | 0.828 | 3.431 | 0.832 | 1.029 | 0.308 | |
Escape | 3.106 | 0.875 | 2.931 | 0.916 | 0.742 | 0.461 | |
Group F-F | Total | 3.053 | 0.749 | 2.742 | 0.627 | 1.386 | 0.174 |
Fire extinguishing | 3.289 | 0.871 | 2.711 | 0.976 | 0.821 | 0.012 ** | |
Escape | 2.994 | 0.879 | 2.750 | 0.758 | 0.915 | 0.366 |
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Zhang, C.; Hong, W.-H.; Bae, Y.-H. Fire Safety Knowledge of Firefighting Equipment among Local and Foreign University Students. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12239. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912239
Zhang C, Hong W-H, Bae Y-H. Fire Safety Knowledge of Firefighting Equipment among Local and Foreign University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12239. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912239
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Chu, Won-Hwa Hong, and Young-Hoon Bae. 2022. "Fire Safety Knowledge of Firefighting Equipment among Local and Foreign University Students" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12239. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912239
APA StyleZhang, C., Hong, W.-H., & Bae, Y.-H. (2022). Fire Safety Knowledge of Firefighting Equipment among Local and Foreign University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), 12239. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912239