Relationship between Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention among College Students: A Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention
2.2. Moderating Role of National Context Differences
2.3. Moderating Roles of Gender
2.4. Education Level
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Literature Search
3.2. Literature Inclusion and Exclusion
3.3. Data Analysis
First Author | Publication Year | Literature Type | Sample Size | Country | Gender | Whether the Sample Includes Graduate Students | Effect Size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wang [39] | 2010 | Journal | 646 | China | Female | No | 0.244 |
Dohse [40] | 2010 | Journal | 1969 | Germany | Male | No | 0.055 |
Keat [41] | 2011 | Journal | 417 | Malaysia | Female | No | 0.319 |
Lanero [42] | 2011 | Journal | 800 | Spain | Female | No | 0.15 |
Wang [14] | 2012 | Journal | 143 | China | Female | No | 0.314 |
Liu [43] | 2013 | Journal | 339 | China | Uncertain | No | 0.438 |
Karali [44] | 2013 | Thesis | 13,121 | Netherlands | Female | Yes | 0.0444 |
Solesvik [45] | 2013 | Journal | 189 | Ukraine | Female | Yes | 0.21 |
Tang [46] | 2014 | Thesis | 206 | China | Uncertain | No | 0.198 |
Shinnar [47] | 2014 | Journal | 187 | America | Male | No | 0.3825 |
Yan [48] | 2015 | Thesis | 370 | China | Male | No | 0.46 |
Shi [49] | 2015 | Journal | 215 | China | Male | No | 0.696 |
Tan [50] | 2015 | Journal | 305 | China | Female | No | 0.449 |
Du(a) [51] | 2015 | Thesis | 208 | China | Male | No | 0.704 |
Du(b) [51] | 2015 | Thesis | 176 | Germany | Male | No | 0.519 |
Fayolle [52] | 2015 | Journal | 158 | America | Uncertain | No | 0.41 |
Mustapha [53] | 2015 | Journal | 178 | Malaysia | Female | No | 0.426 |
Piperopoulos [54] | 2015 | Journal | 114 | Britain | Male | No | 0.21 |
Huang [55] | 2016 | Journal | 231 | China | Male | No | 0.146 |
Yan [56] | 2016 | Thesis | 310 | China | Female | No | 0.22 |
Zhang [57] | 2017 | Thesis | 354 | China | Female | Yes | 0.379 |
Kong [58] | 2017 | Journal | 698 | China | Male | No | 0.421 |
Gao [59] | 2018 | Thesis | 383 | China | Male | Yes | 0.459 |
Nabi [60] | 2018 | Journal | 150 | Britain | Female | No | 0.303 |
Zhang [61] | 2019 | Thesis | 450 | China | Female | Yes | 0.409 |
Xu [2] | 2019 | Journal | 403 | China | Female | No | 0.631 |
Tao [62] | 2019 | Journal | 336 | China | Female | No | 0.772 |
Sun [63] | 2019 | Journal | 736 | China | Female | No | 0.21 |
Yu [64] | 2019 | Journal | 333 | China | Male | Yes | 0.646 |
Xu [65] | 2020 | Journal | 454 | China | Male | No | 0.357 |
Chen [66] | 2020 | Thesis | 453 | China | Female | No | 0.188 |
Li [67] | 2020 | Thesis | 3341 | China | Uncertain | No | 0.571 |
Wang [68] | 2020 | Journal | 432 | China | Female | No | 0.443 |
Yu [69] | 2020 | Journal | 497 | China | Uncertain | No | 0.365 |
Wang [70] | 2020 | Thesis | 336 | China | Male | Yes | 0.487 |
Hua [71] | 2020 | Journal | 98 | China | Uncertain | No | 0.3328 |
4. Results
4.1. The Main Effect Size of Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention
4.1.1. Heterogeneity Test
4.1.2. Publication Bias Test
4.1.3. Main Effect Size Test
4.2. Analysis of Moderating Effects
5. Discussion
5.1. Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intention
5.2. Role of National Context Differences
5.3. Role of Gender
5.4. Role of Education Level
6. Conclusions and Future Direction
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Model | Number of Studies | Effect Size and 95% Confidence Interval | Two-Sided Test | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate | Lower Interval | Upper Interval | z-Value | p-Value | ||
Fixed effects | 36 | 0.247 | 0.237 | 0.258 | 43.466 | 0.000 |
Random effects | 36 | 0.394 | 0.310 | 0.472 | 8.499 | 0.000 |
Moderator | Number of Studies | Effect Size | 95% Confidence | Two-Sided Test | Between-Group Heterogeneity | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower Interval | Upper Interval | -Value | -Value | -Value | -Value | |||||
Country | China | 25 | 0.440 | 0.369 | 0.507 | 10.820 | 0.000 | 8.920 | 1 | 0.003 |
Other countries | 11 | 0.271 | 0.181 | 0.356 | 5.753 | 0.000 | ||||
Gender | Male | 13 | 0.446 | 0.310 | 0.564 | 5.921 | 0.000 | 1.166 | 2 | 0.558 |
Female | 17 | 0.352 | 0.236 | 0.459 | 5.648 | 0.000 | ||||
Uncertain | 6 | 0.397 | 0.258 | 0.520 | 5.274 | 0.000 | ||||
Educational qualification | Including graduate students | 8 | 0.362 | 0.162 | 0.533 | 3.450 | 0.000 | 0.158 | 1 | 0.691 |
Does not include graduate students | 28 | 0.403 | 0.319 | 0.481 | 8.649 | 0.000 |
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Zhang, W.; Li, Y.; Zeng, Q.; Zhang, M.; Lu, X. Relationship between Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention among College Students: A Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912158
Zhang W, Li Y, Zeng Q, Zhang M, Lu X. Relationship between Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention among College Students: A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912158
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Wenyi, Yixing Li, Qing Zeng, Minqiang Zhang, and Xiaozhong Lu. 2022. "Relationship between Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention among College Students: A Meta-Analysis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912158