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Volume 19
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10.3390/ijerph191811823
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Review

Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Events Related to COVID-19 Coagulopathy and Hypoxemia

by
Michał Sojka
1,
Anna Drelich-Zbroja
1,
Maryla Kuczyńska
1,
Mateusz Cheda
1,*,
Izabela Dąbrowska
1,
Ewa Kopyto
2,
Izabela Halczuk
2,
Monika Zbroja
2,
Weronika Cyranka
2 and
Tomasz Jargiełło
1
1
Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
2
Students’ Scientific Society at the Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(18), 11823; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811823
Submission received: 31 July 2022 / Revised: 12 September 2022 / Accepted: 15 September 2022 / Published: 19 September 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vascular Disease and Health)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Since the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous researchers have made an effort to determine the molecular composition of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and the exact pathomechanism through which the virus exerts such a devastating effect on the host/infected organism. Recent scientific evidence highlights the affinity of the virus towards ACE2 receptors, which are widespread in multiple human systems, including the central nervous system (CNS) and cerebral vessels. Such an affinity may explain endothelial dysfunction and damage that is observed in COVID-positive patients in histopathological studies, with subsequent dysregulation of the cerebral circulation leading to transient or acute cerebrovascular accidents. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate the effects of COVID-related hypoxemia and direct viral invasion on the cerebral circulation, with special respect to the postulated pathomechanism, vulnerable groups of patients, clinical course and outcomes, as well as diagnostic imaging findings.
Keywords: COVID-19; ischemic stroke; hypoxia; hemorrhagic stroke; hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy COVID-19; ischemic stroke; hypoxia; hemorrhagic stroke; hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sojka, M.; Drelich-Zbroja, A.; Kuczyńska, M.; Cheda, M.; Dąbrowska, I.; Kopyto, E.; Halczuk, I.; Zbroja, M.; Cyranka, W.; Jargiełło, T. Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Events Related to COVID-19 Coagulopathy and Hypoxemia. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 11823. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811823

AMA Style

Sojka M, Drelich-Zbroja A, Kuczyńska M, Cheda M, Dąbrowska I, Kopyto E, Halczuk I, Zbroja M, Cyranka W, Jargiełło T. Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Events Related to COVID-19 Coagulopathy and Hypoxemia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(18):11823. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811823

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sojka, Michał, Anna Drelich-Zbroja, Maryla Kuczyńska, Mateusz Cheda, Izabela Dąbrowska, Ewa Kopyto, Izabela Halczuk, Monika Zbroja, Weronika Cyranka, and Tomasz Jargiełło. 2022. "Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Events Related to COVID-19 Coagulopathy and Hypoxemia" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 18: 11823. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811823

APA Style

Sojka, M., Drelich-Zbroja, A., Kuczyńska, M., Cheda, M., Dąbrowska, I., Kopyto, E., Halczuk, I., Zbroja, M., Cyranka, W., & Jargiełło, T. (2022). Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Events Related to COVID-19 Coagulopathy and Hypoxemia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(18), 11823. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811823

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