Research Progress on Risk Factors of Preoperative Anxiety in Children: A Scoping Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
3.1. Children’s Factors
3.1.1. Age Factor
3.1.2. Temperament Factor
3.1.3. Surgical Diagnosis and Treatment History Factors
3.1.4. Other Factors
First Author, Year | Type of Surgery, Participants | Type of Study | Age Group, Incidence of Preoperative Anxiety | Risk Factors |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liang Y, 2021 [7] | Elective surgery, 220 | Cross-sectional survey study | 2 to 7, 67.6% | Unschooled children, medical staff’s attention, the degree of cooperation when puncturing the venous needle |
Chen A, 2021 [31] | Ophthalmic surgery, 183 | Retrospective analysis | 3 to 7, not described | Being the only child, lower body weight, parental educational level |
Getahun AB, 2020 [15] | Elective surgery, 173 | Cross-sectional observational study | 2 to 12, 75.44% | Younger age, previous surgery and anesthesia, surgical setting, parental anxiety |
Arze S, 2020 [20] | Elective outpatient or inpatient surgery, 204 | Cohort study | 2 to 12, 41.7% | Language barrier, parental anxiety, previous negative surgical experience |
Charana A, 2018 [16] | Elective surgery, 128 | Observational study | 1 to 14, not described | High parental anxiety, age, being the only child, living in rural areas, education level, previous hospitalization |
Mamtora PH, 2018 [18] | Outpatient adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy surgeries, 294 | Cohort study | 2 to 15, not described | Younger, less sociable children, language barriers |
Malik R, 2018 [22] | Elective surgery, 60 | Prospective observational study | 7 to 12, 48% | Parental anxiety, socioeconomic background |
Moura LA, 2016 [13] | Outpatient surgery, 210 | Cross-sectional survey study | 5 to 12, 42% | Age, socioeconomic status |
Cui X, 2016 [17] | (ENT) plastic or ophthalmological surgeries, 102 | Observational study | 2 to 12, not described | Preschool children, parental anxiety |
Kim JE, 2012 [14] | Elective surgery, 455 | Prospective, observational study | 2 to 12, 52.1% | Young age, long waiting times |
Fortier MA, 2010 [21] | Outpatient tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, 261 | Prospective observational study | 2 to 12, not described | Low child sociability, high parent anxiety |
Davidson AJ, 2006 [19] | Any general anesthesia surgery, 1250 | Prospective cohort study | 3 to 12, 50.2% | healthcare attendances, longer duration of procedure, having more |
3.2. Parental Factors
3.3. Surgical Factors
3.3.1. Environmental Factors
3.3.2. Operation Type
3.3.3. Preoperative Waiting Area Environment and Waiting Time
3.4. Anesthesia Factors
3.5. Other Factors
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Liu, W.; Xu, R.; Jia, J.; Shen, Y.; Li, W.; Bo, L. Research Progress on Risk Factors of Preoperative Anxiety in Children: A Scoping Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 9828. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169828
Liu W, Xu R, Jia J, Shen Y, Li W, Bo L. Research Progress on Risk Factors of Preoperative Anxiety in Children: A Scoping Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(16):9828. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169828
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Weiwei, Rui Xu, Ji’e Jia, Yilei Shen, Wenxian Li, and Lulong Bo. 2022. "Research Progress on Risk Factors of Preoperative Anxiety in Children: A Scoping Review" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16: 9828. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169828