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Review

The Effectiveness of Interventions to Evaluate and Reduce Healthcare Costs of Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions among the Older Adults: A Systematic Review

by
Sara Mucherino
1,
Manuela Casula
2,3,
Federica Galimberti
3,
Ilaria Guarino
1,
Elena Olmastroni
2,
Elena Tragni
2,
Valentina Orlando
1,
Enrica Menditto
1,* and
on behalf of the EDU.RE.DRUG Group
1
CIRFF—Center of Pharmacoeconomics and Drug Utilization, Department of Pharmacy, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
2
Epidemiology and Preventive Pharmacology Service (SEFAP), Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
3
IRCCS MultiMedica Hospital, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Collaborators/Membership of the Group/Team Name is provided in the Acknowledgments.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(11), 6724; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116724
Submission received: 14 March 2022 / Revised: 21 May 2022 / Accepted: 27 May 2022 / Published: 31 May 2022

Abstract

Potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) is associated with an increased risk of adverse drug reactions, recognized as a determinant of adherence and increased healthcare costs. The study’s aim was to explore and compare the results of interventions to reduce PIP and its impact on avoidable healthcare costs. A systematic literature review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. PubMed and Embase were queried until February 2021. Inclusion criteria followed the PICO model: older patients receiving PIP; Interventions aimed at health professionals, structures, and patients; no/any intervention as a comparator; postintervention costs variations as outcomes. The search strategy produced 274 potentially relevant publications, of which 18 articles met inclusion criteria. Two subgroups were analyzed according to the study design: observational studies assessing PIP frequency and related-avoidable costs (n = 10) and trials, including specific intervention and related outcomes in terms of postintervention effectiveness and avoided costs (n = 8). PIP prevalence ranged from 21 to 79%. Few educational interventions carried out to reduce PIP prevalence and avoidable costs resulted in a slowly improving prescribing practice but not cost effective. Implementing cost-effective strategies for reducing PIP and clinical and economic implications is fundamental to reducing health systems’ PIP burden.
Keywords: potentially inappropriate prescribing; healthcare costs; educational interventions potentially inappropriate prescribing; healthcare costs; educational interventions

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Mucherino, S.; Casula, M.; Galimberti, F.; Guarino, I.; Olmastroni, E.; Tragni, E.; Orlando, V.; Menditto, E.; on behalf of the EDU.RE.DRUG Group. The Effectiveness of Interventions to Evaluate and Reduce Healthcare Costs of Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions among the Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 6724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116724

AMA Style

Mucherino S, Casula M, Galimberti F, Guarino I, Olmastroni E, Tragni E, Orlando V, Menditto E, on behalf of the EDU.RE.DRUG Group. The Effectiveness of Interventions to Evaluate and Reduce Healthcare Costs of Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions among the Older Adults: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(11):6724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116724

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mucherino, Sara, Manuela Casula, Federica Galimberti, Ilaria Guarino, Elena Olmastroni, Elena Tragni, Valentina Orlando, Enrica Menditto, and on behalf of the EDU.RE.DRUG Group. 2022. "The Effectiveness of Interventions to Evaluate and Reduce Healthcare Costs of Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions among the Older Adults: A Systematic Review" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11: 6724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116724

APA Style

Mucherino, S., Casula, M., Galimberti, F., Guarino, I., Olmastroni, E., Tragni, E., Orlando, V., Menditto, E., & on behalf of the EDU.RE.DRUG Group. (2022). The Effectiveness of Interventions to Evaluate and Reduce Healthcare Costs of Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions among the Older Adults: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(11), 6724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116724

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