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Volume 19
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10.3390/ijerph19116529
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Article

Characterization of Microbial Communities in Wastewater Treatment Plants Containing Heavy Metals Located in Chemical Industrial Zones

by
Taotao Zeng
1,
Liangqin Wang
1,
Xiaoling Zhang
1,
Xin Song
1,
Jie Li
1,
Jinhui Yang
1,
Shengbing Chen
1 and
Jie Zhang
2,*
1
Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(11), 6529; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116529
Submission received: 15 April 2022 / Revised: 24 May 2022 / Accepted: 24 May 2022 / Published: 27 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Pollution: Human Health and Ecological Risks)
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Abstract

Water pollution caused by heavy metals (HMs) poses a serious risk to human health and the environment and can increase the risk of diabetes, cancer, and hypertension in particular. In this study, two full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in industrial zones in southern China were selected to analyze the microbial community structure, diversity, similarity, and differentiation in the anoxic/oxic (AO) and anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor (AO-MBR) units under the stress of HMs. High-throughput sequencing showed that microbial diversity and abundance were higher in the AO process than in the AO-MBR process. In the two WWTPs, the common dominant phyla were Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, while the common dominant genera were Gemmatimonadaceae, Anaerolineaceae, Saprospiraceae, and Terrimonas. Manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) positively correlated with Saccharimonadales, Nakamurella, Micrococcales, and Microtrichales, whereas copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) positively correlated with Longilinea and Ferruginibacter. Additionally, the relative abundances of Chloroflexi, Patescibacteria, and Firmicutes differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the two processes. These results may provide comprehensive outlooks on the characterization of microbial communities in WWTPs, which could also help to reduce the potential environmental risks of the effluent from WWTPs located in industrial zones.
Keywords: heavy metals; wastewater treatment; industrial zones; microbial community; human health; water pollution heavy metals; wastewater treatment; industrial zones; microbial community; human health; water pollution

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zeng, T.; Wang, L.; Zhang, X.; Song, X.; Li, J.; Yang, J.; Chen, S.; Zhang, J. Characterization of Microbial Communities in Wastewater Treatment Plants Containing Heavy Metals Located in Chemical Industrial Zones. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 6529. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116529

AMA Style

Zeng T, Wang L, Zhang X, Song X, Li J, Yang J, Chen S, Zhang J. Characterization of Microbial Communities in Wastewater Treatment Plants Containing Heavy Metals Located in Chemical Industrial Zones. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(11):6529. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116529

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zeng, Taotao, Liangqin Wang, Xiaoling Zhang, Xin Song, Jie Li, Jinhui Yang, Shengbing Chen, and Jie Zhang. 2022. "Characterization of Microbial Communities in Wastewater Treatment Plants Containing Heavy Metals Located in Chemical Industrial Zones" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11: 6529. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116529

APA Style

Zeng, T., Wang, L., Zhang, X., Song, X., Li, J., Yang, J., Chen, S., & Zhang, J. (2022). Characterization of Microbial Communities in Wastewater Treatment Plants Containing Heavy Metals Located in Chemical Industrial Zones. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(11), 6529. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116529

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