Transition from Nurses to Medicalized Elderly Caregivers: Comparison on Willingness between Traditional and Modern Regions in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants
2.2.1. Sample Setting
2.2.2. Objectives
2.3. Instruments
2.4. Statistical Analysis
2.4.1. Descriptive Analysis
2.4.2. Regression Analysis
2.4.3. Region Differences Comparisons
3. Results
3.1. Basic Characteristics and Willingness to Transition
3.2. Comparison of Scale Scores by Willingness to Transition into Caregivers
3.3. Factors Influencing Nurses’ Transition Willingness
3.4. Influence of Regional Factors on Nurses’ Willingness to Transition into Caregivers
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Cases (%) | Willingness (%) | χ² | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Region | 0.015 | 0.903 | ||
Guangdong Province | 693 (56.5) | 409 (59.0) | ||
Jilin Province | 534 (43.5) | 317 (59.4) | ||
Gender | 0.100 | 0.752 | ||
Male | 56 (4.6) | 32 (57.1) | ||
Female | 1171 (95.4) | 694 (59.3) | ||
Age | 13.127 | 0.001 | ||
≤30 | 388 (31.6) | 228 (58.8) | ||
31~39 | 514 (41.9) | 280 (54.5) | ||
≥40 | 325 (26.5) | 218 (67.1) | ||
Education | 3.187 | 0.364 | ||
Technical secondary school or below | 37 (3.0) | 27 (73.0) | ||
Junior college | 286 (23.3) | 170 (59.4) | ||
Bachelor’s degree | 877 (71.5) | 514 (58.6) | ||
Master’s degree or above | 27 (2.2) | 15 (55.6) | ||
Household registration | 0.098 | 0.755 | ||
Urban areas | 591 (48.2) | 347 (58.7) | ||
Rural areas | 636 (51.8) | 379 (59.6) | ||
Religious belief | 0.023 | 0.879 | ||
Yes | 117 (9.5) | 70 (59.8) | ||
No | 1110 (90.5) | 656 (59.1) | ||
Only child or not | 0.031 | 0.859 | ||
Yes | 320 (26.1) | 188 (58.8) | ||
No | 907 (73.9) | 538 (59.3) | ||
Whether they lived with older people | 17.525 | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 955 (77.8) | 595 (62.3) | ||
No | 272 (22.2) | 131 (48.2) | ||
Whether they had close contact with older adult relatives | 42.861 | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 959 (78.2) | 614 (64.0) | ||
No | 268 (21.8) | 112 (41.8) | ||
Whether they participated in older adult-related voluntary activities | 75.246 | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 498 (40.6) | 368 (73.9) | ||
No | 729 (59.4) | 358 (49.1) | ||
Whether they visited eldercare institutions such as nursing homes | 53.745 | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 578 (47.1) | 405 (70.1) | ||
No | 649 (52.9) | 321 (49.5) | ||
Whether they knew the eldercare pattern of MEC | 15.904 | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 902 (73.5) | 564 (62.5) | ||
No | 325 (26.5) | 162 (49.8) | ||
Whether they agreed to implement the MEC in China | 4.670 | 0.031 | ||
Yes | 998 (81.3) | 605 (60.6) | ||
No | 229 (18.7) | 121 (52.8) |
Variables | Willingness (n = 726) | Unwillingness (n = 501) | t | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
KAOPS score | 133.97 ± 18.34 | 123.36 ± 17.19 | 10.218 | <0.001 |
FAQ score | 11.69 ± 3.10 | 10.58 ± 3.37 | 5.918 | <0.001 |
FATCOD-B score | 97.90 ± 10.18 | 92.43 ± 7.34 | 10.321 | <0.001 |
DAP-R scale | ||||
Death fear DF | 20.10 ± 5.13 | 20.67 ± 4.91 | −1.963 | 0.05 |
Death avoidance DA | 15.42 ± 3.89 | 15.56 ± 3.84 | −0.657 | 0.512 |
Natural acceptance NA | 18.18 ± 3.47 | 17.98 ± 3.45 | 0.984 | 0.325 |
Approach acceptance AA | 29.89 ± 7.02 | 29.44 ± 6.75 | 1.138 | 0.255 |
Escape acceptance EA | 14.24 ± 4.08 | 14.65 ± 3.95 | −1.746 | 0.081 |
Variables | B | SE | Wald χ² | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Region (Guangdong) | ||||
Jilin | 0.444 | 0.332 | 0.637 | 0.006 |
Age (≥40) | ||||
≤30 | −0.372 | 0.197 | 3.549 | 0.060 |
31~39 | −0.409 | 0.176 | 5.395 | 0.020 |
Education (Master’s degree or above) | ||||
Technical secondary school or below | 1.617 | 0.634 | 6.514 | 0.011 |
Junior college | 0.892 | 0.503 | 3.147 | 0.076 |
Bachelor’s degree | 0.756 | 0.487 | 2.406 | 0.121 |
Whether they lived with older people (No) | ||||
Yes | 0.476 | 0.170 | 7.833 | 0.005 |
Whether they had close contact with older adult relatives (No) | ||||
Yes | 0.434 | 0.167 | 6.797 | 0.009 |
Whether they participated in voluntary activities related to older adults (No) | ||||
Yes | 0.737 | 0.155 | 22.672 | <0.001 |
Whether they visited eldercare institutions such as nursing homes (No) | ||||
Yes | 0.408 | 0.148 | 7.602 | 0.006 |
KAOPS score | 0.030 | 0.004 | 46.420 | <0.001 |
FAQ score | 0.059 | 0.022 | 7.430 | 0.006 |
FATCOD-B score | 0.064 | 0.010 | 45.197 | <0.001 |
DAP-R scale | ||||
Natural acceptance NA | 0.081 | 0.024 | 11.015 | 0.001 |
Approach acceptance AA | 0.037 | 0.016 | 5.343 | 0.021 |
Variables | Before PSM | p | After PSM | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Guangdong (n = 693) | Jilin (n = 534) | Guangdong (n = 335) | Jilin (n = 335) | |||
Whether they had willingness to transition into caregivers | ||||||
Yes | 409 | 317 | 0.006 | 190 | 218 | 0.027 |
Gender | <0.001 | 0.247 | ||||
Male | 45 | 11 | 17 | 11 | ||
Female | 648 | 523 | 318 | 324 | ||
Age | <0.001 | 0.004 | ||||
≤30 | 300 | 88 | 87 | 71 | ||
31~39 | 239 | 275 | 131 | 174 | ||
≥40 | 154 | 171 | 117 | 90 | ||
Education | <0.001 | 0.008 | ||||
Technical secondary school or below | 29 | 8 | 12 | 4 | ||
Junior college | 182 | 104 | 64 | 73 | ||
Bachelor’s degree | 460 | 417 | 245 | 255 | ||
Master’s degree or above | 22 | 5 | 14 | 3 | ||
Household registration | <0.001 | 0.487 | ||||
Urban areas | 250 | 341 | 164 | 173 | ||
Rural areas | 443 | 193 | 171 | 162 | ||
Only child or not | <0.001 | 1.000 | ||||
Yes | 89 | 231 | 82 | 82 | ||
No | 604 | 303 | 253 | 253 | ||
Whether they lived with older people | <0.001 | 0.644 | ||||
Yes | 577 | 378 | 262 | 257 | ||
No | 116 | 156 | 73 | 78 | ||
Whether they participated in voluntary activities related to older adults | <0.001 | 0.752 | ||||
Yes | 314 | 184 | 135 | 131 | ||
No | 379 | 350 | 200 | 204 | ||
Whether they visited eldercare institutions such as nursing homes | <0.001 | 0.877 | ||||
Yes | 366 | 212 | 159 | 157 | ||
No | 327 | 322 | 176 | 178 | ||
Whether they knew the eldercare pattern of MEC | <0.001 | 0.605 | ||||
Yes | 539 | 363 | 239 | 245 | ||
No | 154 | 171 | 96 | 90 | ||
KAOPS scale | 131.32 ± 17.70 | 127.45 ± 19.55 | <0.001 | 128.80 ± 17.05 | 128.32 ± 20.56 | 0.744 |
FATCOD-B scale | 96.66 ± 9.56 | 94.38 ± 9.31 | <0.001 | 95.34 ± 9.37 | 95.52 ± 9.78 | 0.812 |
DAP-R scale | ||||||
Escape acceptance EA | 14.16 ± 3.92 | 14.72 ± 4.15 | 0.017 | 14.66 ± 3.96 | 14.66 ± 4.31 | 0.985 |
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Gao, W.; Li, S.; Chi, Z.; Gong, F.; Tang, W. Transition from Nurses to Medicalized Elderly Caregivers: Comparison on Willingness between Traditional and Modern Regions in China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 5950. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105950
Gao W, Li S, Chi Z, Gong F, Tang W. Transition from Nurses to Medicalized Elderly Caregivers: Comparison on Willingness between Traditional and Modern Regions in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(10):5950. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105950
Chicago/Turabian StyleGao, Wenqing, Shuailong Li, Zhuoyuan Chi, Fangfang Gong, and Wenxi Tang. 2022. "Transition from Nurses to Medicalized Elderly Caregivers: Comparison on Willingness between Traditional and Modern Regions in China" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10: 5950. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105950