Small Relative Age Effect Appears in Professional Female Italian Team Sports
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sport | Total n | Q1 % | Q2 % | Q3 % | Q4 % | χ2 | p | V | ES cat. | OR Q1–Q4 | OR Q2–Q4 | OR S1–S2 | ID (p Value) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All samples | Basketball | 446 | 26.5 | 30.3 | 21.3 | 22.0 | 9.375 | 0.025 | 0.10 | Small | 1.20 [0.83, 1.75] | 1.38 [0.83, 1.74] | 1.31 [1.01, 1.71] | 1.43 (p = 0.028) |
Volleyball | 421 | 31.8 | 23.8 | 24.7 | 19.7 | 12.867 | 0.005 | 0.12 | Small | 1.61 [1.10, 2.37] | 1.20 [1.09, 2.40] | 1.25 [0.95, 1.64] | 1.78 (p < 0.001) | |
Soccer | 668 | 31.0 | 25.1 | 24.7 | 19.2 | 18.719 | 0.001 | 0.12 | Small | 1.62 [1.19, 2.20] | 1.31 [1.18, 2.21] | 1.28 [1.03, 1.59] | 1.90 (p < 0.001) | |
Early phase | Basketball | 224 | 25.3 | 32.2 | 21.9 | 20.5 | 4.703 | 0.195 | 0.13 | Small | 1.23 [0.64, 2.39] | 1.57 [0.65, 2.35] | 1.35 [0.86, 2.15] | 1.58 (p = 0.114) |
Volleyball | 173 | 33.3 | 25.8 | 23.3 | 17.5 | 6.200 | 0.102 | 0.16 | Small | 1.90 [0.92, 3.96] | 1.48 [0.90, 4.03] | 1.45 [0.87, 2.41] | 1.60 (p = 0.151) | |
Soccer | 290 | 36.8 | 25.5 | 24.1 | 13.7 | 22.755 | 0.001 | 0.23 | Medium | 2.69 [1.52, 4.76] | 1.86 [1.49, 4.85] | 1.65 [1.12, 2.43] | 2.66 (p < 0.001) | |
Later phase | Basketball | 222 | 27.0 | 29.3 | 21.0 | 22.7 | 5.307 | 0.151 | 0.09 | Small | 1.19 [0.76, 1.88] | 1.29 [0.76, 1.87] | 1.29 [0.94, 1.78] | 1.34 (p = 0.143) |
Volleyball | 248 | 30.8 | 23.1 | 25.4 | 20.7 | 7.560 | 0.056 | 0.11 | Small | 1.48 [0.94, 2.34] | 1.11 [0.95, 2.42] | 1.17 [0.85, 1.61] | 1.64 (p = 0.014) | |
Soccer | 378 | 26.2 | 26.0 | 25.6 | 22.2 | 3.948 | 0.267 | 0.07 | Small | 1.18 [0.81, 1.72] | 1.17 [0.90, 1.89] | 1.09 [0.84, 1.42] | 1.52 (p = 0.010) |
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Brustio, P.R.; Boccia, G.; De Pasquale, P.; Lupo, C.; Ungureanu, A.N. Small Relative Age Effect Appears in Professional Female Italian Team Sports. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 385. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010385
Brustio PR, Boccia G, De Pasquale P, Lupo C, Ungureanu AN. Small Relative Age Effect Appears in Professional Female Italian Team Sports. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(1):385. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010385
Chicago/Turabian StyleBrustio, Paolo Riccardo, Gennaro Boccia, Paolo De Pasquale, Corrado Lupo, and Alexandru Nicolae Ungureanu. 2022. "Small Relative Age Effect Appears in Professional Female Italian Team Sports" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 1: 385. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010385