Adherence, Perception of, and Attitude toward Influenza and Flu Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study among a Population of Future Healthcare Workers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design and Subjects
2.2. Methods
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Adherence to Flu Vaccination Campaigns
3.2. Reasons for Accepting or Refusing Flu Vaccination
3.3. Data on Knowledge and Perception of and Attitude toward Influenza and Flu Vaccination
3.4. Data on the Promotion of Flu Vaccination Campaign and Improvement Strategies
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Degree Course | Students Who Filled Out the Questionnaire N (%) | Students Who Were Vaccinated in the 2018–2019 Season N (%) |
---|---|---|
Medicine and surgery/Dentistry | 134 (38.1) | 11 (8.2) |
Nursing and midwifery | 101 (28.7) | 31 (30.7) |
Other degree courses | 117 (33.2) | 6 (5.1) |
Total | 352 (100) | 48 (13.6) |
Answers N (%) | |
---|---|
I want to protect myself from the flu. | 42 (87.5) |
I want to protect patients from the flu. | 27 (56.3) |
I want to protect friends and family from the flu. | 25 (52.1) |
Flu vaccine is free. | 16 (33.3) |
I do not want to lose days of lectures or internship. | 8 (16.7) |
I want to follow the recommendations of the Ministry of Health. | 7 (14.6) |
My friends also got vaccinated. | 0 (0.0) |
Answers N (%) | |
---|---|
I think flu is not a dangerous disease. | 74 (24.4) |
I was not aware of the possibility of getting vaccinated in the hospital and/or I was never offered. | 67 (22.1) |
I did not have time to get vaccinated. | 61 (20.0) |
I was going to get vaccinated, but I forgot to do it. | 59 (19.5) |
I do not think I am adequately informed about the utility of the flu vaccination. | 48 (15.8) |
I have never had the flu. | 36 (11.9) |
I think that flu vaccination does not work or does not provide effective protection. | 21 (6.9) |
I am afraid of needles. | 16 (5.3) |
I am afraid of side effects. | 9 (3.0) |
I could not get vaccinated because at that time I was sick. | 5 (1.7) |
I am against vaccinations. | 1 (0.3) |
I Agree N (%) | I Disagree N (%) | I Do Not Know N (%) | |
---|---|---|---|
Flu vaccination is safe. | 302 (85.8) | 6 (1.7) | 44 (12.5) |
Flu vaccination is effective. | 216 (61.4) | 26 (7.4) | 110 (31.2) |
I can get flu vaccination easily. | 317 (90.1) | 0 (0.0) | 33 (9.9) |
I am concerned about the side effects of vaccination. | 42 (11.9) | 260 (73.9) | 50 (14.2) |
I am concerned about local or systemic reactions to flu vaccination. | 42 (11.9) | 262 (74.5) | 48 (13.6) |
Health professionals have a higher risk of contracting flu. | 308 (87.5) | 10 (2.8) | 34 (9.7) |
Health professionals should get flu vaccination every year. | 231 (65.6) | 32 (9.1) | 89 (25.3) |
Flu is a potentially dangerous disease. | 235 (66.8) | 60 (17.0) | 57 (16.2) |
Flu can cause epidemics in hospitals. | 289 (82.1) | 9 (2.6) | 54 (15.3) |
I think I can play a role in promoting the vaccination among colleagues and patients. | 188 (53.4) | 39 (11.1) | 125 (35.5) |
I believe that flu vaccination should be mandatory in healthcare settings. | 174 (49.4) | 66 (18.8) | 112 (31.8) |
I believe that wearing surgical masks in hospital settings during the flu season should be mandatory for unvaccinated people. | 131 (37.2) | 98 (27.8) | 125 (35.0) |
I know the ministerial recommendations regarding the prevention of influenza. | 99 (28.1) | 121 (34.4) | 132 (37.5) |
I believe that pharmaceutical companies influence decisions on vaccination strategies. | 99 (28.1) | 117 (33.3) | 136 (38.6) |
Flu vaccination is recommended for pregnant women. | 177 (50.3) | 10 (2.8) | 165 (46.9) |
Variable | OR | 95% CI |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Male | Ref. | |
Female | 2.77 | 1.25–6.13 |
Degree course | ||
Medicine and surgery/Dentistry | Ref. | |
Nursing and midwifery | 4.91 | 2.32–10.38 |
Other degree courses | 0.60 | 0.21–1.67 |
Flu vaccination is effective. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 1.49 | 0.42–5.24 |
Do not know | 0.77 | 0.19–3.01 |
Flu is a potentially dangerous disease. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 3.60 | 1.07–12.10 |
Do not know | 2.61 | 0.64–10.65 |
Health professionals have a higher risk of contracting flu. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 1.46 | 0.18–11.85 |
Do not know | 1.20 | 0.12–12.13 |
Health professionals should get flu vaccination each year. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 7.54 | 1.00–56.72 |
Do not know | 0.71 | 0.06–8.14 |
Flu vaccination is recommended for pregnant women. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 1.41 | 0.17–11.63 |
Do not know | 1.47 | 0.18–12.12 |
I am concerned about the side effects of vaccination. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 0.40 | 0.12–1.35 |
Do not know | 0.33 | 0.10–1.11 |
I am concerned about local or systemic reactions to flu vaccination. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 0.79 | 0.29–2.14 |
Do not know | 0.68 | 0.25–1.83 |
I think I can play a role in promoting the vaccination among my colleagues and patients. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 10.01 | 1.33–75.18 |
Do not know | 2.26 | 0.31–21.43 |
I believe that pharmaceutical companies influence decisions on vaccination strategies. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 0.94 | 0.43–2.07 |
Do not know | 1.01 | 0.50–2.08 |
I know the ministerial recommendations regarding the prevention of flu. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 3.63 | 1.73–7.61 |
Do not know | 0.58 | 0.23–1.49 |
Flu can cause epidemics in hospitals. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 0.62 | 0.12–3.06 |
Do not know | 0.21 | 0.03–1.46 |
I believe that flu vaccination should be mandatory in health facilities. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 16.48 | 2.21–123.00 |
Do not know | 7.80 | 0.99–61.43 |
I believe that wearing surgical masks in hospital facilities during the flu season should be mandatory for unvaccinated people. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 1.97 | 0.89–4.34 |
Do not know | 1.11 | 0.47–2.61 |
Variable | OR | 95% CI |
---|---|---|
Degree course | ||
Medicine and surgery/Dentistry | Ref. | |
Nursing and midwifery | 5.33 | 1.89–15.02 |
Other degree courses | 0.46 | 0.12–1.71 |
I am concerned about the side effects of vaccination. | ||
Disagree | Ref. | |
Agree | 0.06 | 0.01–0.46 |
Do not know | 0.29 | 0.04–2.51 |
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Chittano Congedo, E.; Paladino, M.E.; Riva, M.A.; Belingheri, M. Adherence, Perception of, and Attitude toward Influenza and Flu Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study among a Population of Future Healthcare Workers. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 13086. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413086
Chittano Congedo E, Paladino ME, Riva MA, Belingheri M. Adherence, Perception of, and Attitude toward Influenza and Flu Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study among a Population of Future Healthcare Workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(24):13086. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413086
Chicago/Turabian StyleChittano Congedo, Emanuele, Maria Emilia Paladino, Michele Augusto Riva, and Michael Belingheri. 2021. "Adherence, Perception of, and Attitude toward Influenza and Flu Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study among a Population of Future Healthcare Workers" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24: 13086. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413086
APA StyleChittano Congedo, E., Paladino, M. E., Riva, M. A., & Belingheri, M. (2021). Adherence, Perception of, and Attitude toward Influenza and Flu Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study among a Population of Future Healthcare Workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24), 13086. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413086