Analysis of the Athletic Career and Retirement Depending on the Type of Sport: A Comparison between Individual and Team Sports
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Measures
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Athletic Career and Career Path
3.2. Sport Retirement
3.3. Employment and Current Lifestyle
4. Discussion
4.1. Athletic Career and Career Path
4.2. Sport Retirement
4.3. Employment and Current Lifestyle
4.4. Limitations
4.5. Practical Implications
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Individual Sport | Team Sport | Total | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | SD | 95% CI | M | SD | 95% CI | M | SD | 95% CI | ||||
Variable | LL | UL | LL | UL | LL | UL | ||||||
Beginning to practice | 10.7 | 4.8 | 10.0 | 11.4 | 10.9 | 3.8 | 10.5 | 11.4 | 10.8 | 4.2 | 10.4 | 11.3 |
Entering the elite level * | 17.5 | 4.0 | 16.9 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 2.9 | 17.7 | 18.4 | 17.8 | 3.4 | 17.5 | 18.1 |
Maximum achievement ** | 23.0 | 5.4 | 22.2 | 23.7 | 24.9 | 4.5 | 24.3 | 25.5 | 24.0 | 5.0 | 23.6 | 24.5 |
Retirement ** | 27.7 | 6.8 | 26.8 | 28.7 | 31.8 | 5.1 | 31.2 | 32.5 | 30.0 | 6.3 | 29.4 | 30.6 |
Length elite stage ** | 10.3 | 5.3 | 9.5 | 11.1 | 13.8 | 4.9 | 13.2 | 14.4 | 12.2 | 5.3 | 11.7 | 12.8 |
Length athletic career ** | 17.0 | 6.4 | 16.1 | 18.0 | 20.9 | 5.8 | 20.1 | 21.7 | 19.2 | 6.4 | 18.5 | 19.8 |
Length in elite up to the maximum achievement ** | 5.4 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 6.0 | 6.9 | 4.2 | 6.3 | 7.5 | 6.2 | 4.2 | 5.8 | 6.6 |
Length from maximum achievement until retirement ** | 4.9 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 5.4 | 7.0 | 4.3 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 6.0 | 4.2 | 5.6 | 6.4 |
Individual Sports | Team Sports | Total | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Retirement Features | % (n = 185) | % (n = 225) | % (n = 410) | |
Timing retirement | Radical | 64.9 | 67.6 | 66.3 |
Gradual | 35.1 | 32.4 | 33.7 | |
Voluntariness | Voluntary | 79.3 | 85.3 | 82.6 |
Involuntary | 20.7 | 14.7 | 17.4 | |
Planned * | No | 65.9 | 54.2 | 59.5 |
Yes | 34.1 | 45.8 | 40.5 | |
Economic and working situation at retirement * | Completely solved | 13.1 | 18.8 | 16.3 |
Mostly solved | 19.1 | 35.9 † | 28.3 | |
I had only occasional jobs | 19.1 | 17.5 | 18.2 | |
I had hardly anything | 48.6 † | 27.8 | 37.2 |
Individual Sport | Team Sport | Total | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Employment Status and Salary | % (n = 185) | % (n = 225) | % (n = 410) | |
Working status | Yes, working | 88.6 | 87.6 | 88.0 |
Not working and looking for a job | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.5 | |
Not working and not looking for a job | 1.6 | 3.1 | 2.4 | |
(n = 160) | (n = 180) | (n = 340) | ||
Monthly income | Up to 1499 € | 37.5 | 34.4 | 35.9 |
1500–2499 € | 41.9 | 37.8 | 39.7 | |
more than 2500 € | 20.6 | 27.8 | 24.4 | |
Relation with Sport Nowadays | (n = 176) | (n = 214) | (n = 390) | |
I do physical activity or practice sport | No | 7.4 | 9.8 | 8.7 |
Yes | 92.6 | 90.2 | 91.3 | |
I compete in veterans’ events * | No | 70.6 | 60.6 | 65.3 |
Yes | 29.4 | 39.4 | 34.7 | |
I keep in touch with my coaches | No | 29.5 | 31.3 | 30.4 |
Yes | 70.5 | 68.7 | 69.6 | |
I have a job related to sport | No | 53.6 | 52.9 | 53.3 |
Yes | 46.4 | 47.1 | 46.7 | |
I attend sports events as a spectator * | No | 35.9 | 22.2 | 28.5 |
Yes | 64.1 | 77.8 | 71.5 | |
I counsel young athletes | No | 41.5 | 42.6 | 42.1 |
Yes | 58.5 | 57.4 | 57.9 |
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de Subijana, C.L.; Galatti, L.; Moreno, R.; Chamorro, J.L. Analysis of the Athletic Career and Retirement Depending on the Type of Sport: A Comparison between Individual and Team Sports. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 9265. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249265
de Subijana CL, Galatti L, Moreno R, Chamorro JL. Analysis of the Athletic Career and Retirement Depending on the Type of Sport: A Comparison between Individual and Team Sports. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(24):9265. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249265
Chicago/Turabian Stylede Subijana, Cristina López, Larisa Galatti, Rubén Moreno, and Jose L. Chamorro. 2020. "Analysis of the Athletic Career and Retirement Depending on the Type of Sport: A Comparison between Individual and Team Sports" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24: 9265. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249265