Levels of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies and Rheumatoid Factor, Including IgA Isotypes, and Articular Manifestations in Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Laboratory Measurements
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. General Characteristics
3.2. Autoantibody Seropositivity
3.3. Rheumatic Manifestations and Arthritis Autoantibody Status
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Healthy Controls (HC) (n = 36) | Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Patients (n = 86) | Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Patients (n = 226) | Crohn’s Disease (CD) Patients (n = 165) | UC vs. CD p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female, n (%) | 20 (55.6) | 60 (70) | 123 (54.4) | 105 (63.6) | 0.077 |
Age, years, mean, (SD) | 34 (15) | 55 (11) | 42 (15) | 41 (15) | 0.606 |
BMI, kg/m2, mean, (SD) a | – | – | 26.1 (4.6) | 24.8 (4.9) | 0.001 |
Current or ever smoker, n (%) b | 8 (22.3) | 34 (39) | 129 (57.1) | 108 (67.1) | 0.006 |
DAS28, median, IQR | – | 2.2 (1.7–2.8) | – | – | – |
Disease duration, years, (median, IQR) | – | 5.5 (3–10) | 7 (4–13) | 9 (4–16) | 0.037 |
Montréal classification | |||||
Age at diagnosis, n (%) c | 0.092 | ||||
A1 below 16 years | – | – | 20 (9.0) | 26 (16.2) | |
A2 between 17 and 40 years | – | – | 146 (65.8) | 101 (62.7) | |
A3 above 40 years | – | – | 56 (25.2) | 34 (21.1) | |
Disease extent (E) and severity | |||||
(S) in UC, n (%) d | |||||
E1 ulcerative proctitis | – | – | 37 (17.0) | – | – |
E2 left sided UC | – | – | 74 (33.9) | – | – |
E3 extensive UC | – | – | 107 (49.1) | – | – |
S0 clinical remission | – | – | 20 (9.3) | – | – |
S1 mild UC | – | – | 68 (31.8) | – | – |
S2 moderate UC | – | – | 72 (33.6) | – | – |
S3 severe UC | – | – | 54 (25.2) | – | – |
Disease location (L) and | |||||
behavior (B) in CD, n (%) e | |||||
L1 ileal | – | – | – | 57 (36.3) | – |
L2 colonic | – | – | – | 32 (20.4) | – |
L3 ileocolonic | – | – | – | 67 (42.7) | – |
L4 isolated upper disease | – | – | – | 1 (0.6) | – |
B1 non-stricturing, non-penetrating | – | – | – | 83 (51.2) | – |
B2 stricturing | – | – | – | 56 (34.6) | – |
B3 penetrating | – | – | – | 23 (14.2) | – |
P perianal disease modifier | – | – | – | 45 (27.8) | – |
Ulcerative Colitis | Crohn’s Disease | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics and manifestations | AAb− (n = 116) | AAb+ (n = 110) | p Value | AAb− (n = 89) | AAb+ (n = 76) | p Value |
Female, n (%) | 67 (57.8) | 56 (50.9) | 0.35 | 55 (61.8) | 50 (65.8) | 0.624 |
Age, years, mean (SD) | 44.1 (15) | 39.4 (14) | 0.016 | 43.6 (15) | 38.0 (14) | 0.017 |
Ever smoker, n (%) | 70 (60.3) | 59 (53.6) | 0.348 | 60 (69.0) | 48 (64.9) | 0.616 |
Active disease, n (%) a | 34 (29.3) | 35 (31.8) | 0.661 | 39 (47.6) | 29 (42.7) | 0.622 |
Age at diagnosis, n (%) | 0.021 | 0.159 | ||||
A1 below 16 years | 9 (7.8) | 11 (10.3) | 10 (11.2) | 16 (22.2) | ||
A2 between 17 and 40 years | 68 (59.1) | 78 (72.9) | 60 (67.4) | 41 (56.9) | ||
A3 above 40 years | 38 (33.0) | 18 (16.8) | 19 (21.3) | 15 (20.8) | ||
Disease duration, years, median (IQR) | 7 (4–14) | 7 (4–12) | 0.425 | 11 (4–17) | 8.5 (4–15) | 0.264 |
ESR, mm/h, median (IQR) | 11 (5–18) | 11 (5–18) | 0.974 | 9 (5–20) | 17.5 (8–24) | 0.009 |
CRP, mg/l, median (IQR) | ≤3 (≤3–3) | ≤3 (≤3–3) | 0.865 | ≤3 (≤3–3) | ≤3 (≤3–8) | 0.008 |
pANCA, seropositive (%) b | 51 (52.7) | 54 (61.4) | 0.239 | 20 (25.6) | 18 (29.5) | 0.702 |
ASCA, seropositive (%) c | 24 (25.8) | 24 (27.3) | 0.867 | 48 (61.5) | 40 (69.0) | 0.582 |
Arthropathies | ||||||
Enthesitis, n | 0 | 1 | - | 3 | 0 | - |
Arthritis, n | 0 | 0 | - | 0 | 1 | - |
Inflammatory backpain, n | 0 | 0 | - | 3 | 0 | - |
Arthralgia, n (%) d | 13 (14.7) | 21 (22.3) | 0.254 | 26 (32.5) | 24 (34.3) | 0.863 |
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Janssen, K.M.J.; Hop, H.; Vissink, A.; Dijkstra, G.; de Smit, M.J.; Brouwer, E.; Westra, J. Levels of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies and Rheumatoid Factor, Including IgA Isotypes, and Articular Manifestations in Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 8054. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218054
Janssen KMJ, Hop H, Vissink A, Dijkstra G, de Smit MJ, Brouwer E, Westra J. Levels of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies and Rheumatoid Factor, Including IgA Isotypes, and Articular Manifestations in Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(21):8054. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218054
Chicago/Turabian StyleJanssen, Koen M. J., Hilde Hop, Arjan Vissink, Gerard Dijkstra, Menke J. de Smit, Elisabeth Brouwer, and Johanna Westra. 2020. "Levels of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies and Rheumatoid Factor, Including IgA Isotypes, and Articular Manifestations in Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21: 8054. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218054