How Czech Adolescents Perceive Active Commuting to School: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Procedure Sample and Participant Selection
2.2. Assessments and Measures
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Data Processing
3. Results
4. Discussion
- A.
- There must be misperceptions regarding actual behavior and perceived behavior—this means that there must be a difference between what people do and what they think other people do or believe. This discrepancy in perception has to be in the direction of the overestimation of problem behavior (in our case, passive transport). If there is no difference, the SNA is not appropriate.
- B.
- At least half of the population must behave “correctly”—because a social norms approach assumes that individuals want to be normal, if the majority behave in a way that is harmful, a social norms message campaign might encourage the harmful behavior. Thus, if over a half of the population behaves in a way that is contrary to the intervention, the SNA is not appropriate.
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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0 Days | 1 Day | 2 Days | 3 Days | 4 or 5 Days | χ2 (p) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grade | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | N | % | ||
total | 308 | 19.4 | 77 | 4.9 | 50 | 3.2 | 73 | 4.6 | 1078 | 68.0 | ||
boys | 186 | 22.5 | 48 | 5.8 | 24 | 2.9 | 39 | 4.7 | 529 | 64.0 | 16.06 (0.002) | |
girls | 122 | 16.1 | 29 | 3.8 | 26 | 3.4 | 34 | 4.5 | 549 | 72.2 | ||
boys | 6th | 58 | 26.2 | 12 | 5.4 | 7 | 3.2 | 6 | 2.7 | 138 | 62.4 | 10.61 (0.563) |
7th | 44 | 20.5 | 18 | 8.4 | 5 | 2.3 | 13 | 6.0 | 135 | 62.8 | ||
8th | 42 | 21.0 | 7 | 3.5 | 5 | 2.5 | 10 | 5.0 | 136 | 68.0 | ||
9th | 42 | 22.1 | 11 | 5.8 | 7 | 3.7 | 10 | 5.3 | 120 | 63.2 | ||
girls | 6th | 40 | 19.0 | 14 | 6.7 | 6 | 2.9 | 13 | 6.2 | 137 | 65.2 | 16.38 (0.174) |
7th | 32 | 16.6 | 6 | 3.1 | 6 | 3.1 | 6 | 3.1 | 143 | 74.1 | ||
8th | 29 | 16.9 | 5 | 2.9 | 8 | 4.7 | 6 | 3.5 | 124 | 72.1 | ||
9th | 21 | 11.4 | 4 | 2.2 | 6 | 3.2 | 9 | 4.9 | 145 | 78.4 |
0 Days | 1 Day | 2 Days | 3 Days | 4 or 5 Days | χ2 (p) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grade | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
total | 158 | 10 | 110 | 6.9 | 240 | 15.1 | 390 | 24.6 | 688 | 43.4 | ||
boys | 117 | 14.2 | 71 | 8.6 | 134 | 16.2 | 185 | 22.4 | 319 | 38.6 | 51.13 (<0.001) | |
girls | 41 | 5.4 | 39 | 5.1 | 106 | 13.9 | 205 | 27.0 | 369 | 48.6 | ||
boys | 6th | 29 | 13.1 | 18 | 8.1 | 41 | 18.6 | 47 | 21.3 | 86 | 38.9 | 6.04 (0.914) |
7th | 31 | 14.4 | 15 | 7.0 | 33 | 15.3 | 55 | 25.6 | 81 | 37.7 | ||
8th | 30 | 15.0 | 18 | 9.0 | 27 | 13.5 | 47 | 23.5 | 78 | 39.0 | ||
9th | 27 | 14.2 | 20 | 10.5 | 33 | 17.4 | 36 | 18.9 | 74 | 38.9 | ||
girls | 6th | 23 | 11.0 | 14 | 6.7 | 29 | 13.8 | 51 | 24.3 | 93 | 44.3 | 23.99 (0.021) |
7th | 7 | 3.6 | 8 | 4.1 | 28 | 14.5 | 50 | 25.9 | 100 | 51.8 | ||
8th | 7 | 4.1 | 10 | 5.8 | 27 | 15.7 | 50 | 29.1 | 78 | 45.3 | ||
9th | 4 | 2.2 | 7 | 3.8 | 22 | 11.9 | 54 | 29.2 | 98 | 53.0 |
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Vorlíček, M.; Baďura, P.; Mitáš, J.; Kolarčik, P.; Rubín, L.; Vašíčková, J.; Salonna, F. How Czech Adolescents Perceive Active Commuting to School: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 5562. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155562
Vorlíček M, Baďura P, Mitáš J, Kolarčik P, Rubín L, Vašíčková J, Salonna F. How Czech Adolescents Perceive Active Commuting to School: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(15):5562. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155562
Chicago/Turabian StyleVorlíček, Michal, Petr Baďura, Josef Mitáš, Peter Kolarčik, Lukáš Rubín, Jana Vašíčková, and Ferdinand Salonna. 2020. "How Czech Adolescents Perceive Active Commuting to School: A Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15: 5562. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155562
APA StyleVorlíček, M., Baďura, P., Mitáš, J., Kolarčik, P., Rubín, L., Vašíčková, J., & Salonna, F. (2020). How Czech Adolescents Perceive Active Commuting to School: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5562. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155562