Perceived Stress Among Different Occupational Groups and the Interaction with Sedentary Behaviour
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Work Stress and Health
1.2. Occupational PhysicalActivity and Sedentary Behaviour
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Assessment of Perceived Stress and Sedentary Behaviour
2.3. Covariates
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. The Relationship Between Participants’ Characteristics and Occupational Group
3.2. The Relationship Between Participants’ Characteristics and Perceived Stress
3.3. The Relationship Between Sedentary Behaviour and Perceived Stress Level by Occupational Groups
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Occupational Group | p-value | Correlation | |
---|---|---|---|---|
White-Collar n (%) | Blue-Collar n (%) | |||
Age groups | ||||
≤30 | 89 (20.8) | 20 (14.0) | 0.002 | 0.163 a |
31–45 | 189 (44.2) | 47 (32.9) | ||
46–60 | 132 (30.8) | 65 (45.5) | ||
≥61 | 18 (4.2) | 11 (7.7) | ||
Gender | 0.000 | 0.462 b | ||
Women | 279 (65.2) | 17 (11.9) | ||
Men | 149 (34.8) | 126 (88.1) | ||
Educational level | 0.000 | 0.477 a | ||
Low | 70 (16.4) | 92 (64.3) | ||
Medium | 126 (29.4) | 32 (22.4) | ||
High | 232 (54.2) | 19 (13.33) | ||
Marital status | 0.942 | 0.026 a | ||
Married | 292 (68.2) | 101 (70.6) | ||
Divorced | 54 (12.6) | 16 (11.2) | ||
Single | 74 (17.3) | 23 (16.1) | ||
Widowed | 8 (1.9) | 3 (2.1) | ||
Work PA | 0.000 | 0.334 a | ||
Low | 141 (32.9) | 22 (15.4) | ||
Moderate | 182 (42.5) | 34 (23.8) | ||
High | 105 (24.5) | 87 (60.6) | ||
Leisure PA | 0.001 | 0.162 a | ||
Low | 100 (23.4) | 51 (35.7) | ||
Moderate | 287 (67.1) | 70 (49.0) | ||
High | 41 (9.6) | 22 (15.4) | ||
PA (min/week) | 0.068 a | |||
≤150 | 405 (94.6) | 140 (97.6) | 0.104 | |
>150 | 23 (5.4) | 3 (2.1) | ||
Sedentary behaviour | 0.205 | 0.053 a | ||
<median | 335 (78.3) | 119 (83.2) | ||
≥median | 93 (21.7) | 24 (16.8) | ||
Income (Eur) | 0.006 | 0.129 a | ||
≤1000 | 148 (43.8) | 36 (29.5) | ||
>1000 | 190 (56.2) | 86 (70.5) | ||
Smoking | 0.000 | 0.385 b | ||
No | 320 (74.8) | 46 (32.2) | ||
Yes | 108 (25.2) | 97 (67.8) | ||
BMI | 0.000 | 0.188 a | ||
Normal | 176 (49.0) | 28 (26.7) | ||
Overweight/obesity | 183 (51.0) | 77 (73.3) | ||
Chronic disease | 0.165 | 0.056 b | ||
No | 351 (82.0) | 110 (76.9) | ||
Yes | 77 (18.0) | 33 (23.1) | ||
HP | 0.165 | 0.058 b | ||
No | 386 (90.2) | 123 (86.0) | ||
Yes | 42 (9.8) | 20 (14.0) | ||
Children (<18 years) | 0.824 | 0.009 b | ||
No | 241 (56.3) | 79 (55.2) | ||
Yes | 187 (43.7) | 64 (44.8) | ||
Walkers | 0.868 | −0.007 b | ||
No | 418 (97.7) | 140 (97.9) | ||
Yes | 10 (2.3) | 3 (2.1) | ||
Public transport users | 0.000 | −0.161 b | ||
No | 291 (68.0) | 121 (84.6) | ||
Yes | 137 (32.0) | 22 (15.4) | ||
Bicycle users | 0.200 | −0.054 b | ||
No | 413 (96.5) | 141 (98.6) | ||
Yes | 15 (3.5) | 2 (1.4) | ||
Car users | 0.006 | 0.114 b | ||
No | 128 (29.9) | 26 (18.2) | ||
Yes | 300 (70.1) | 117 (81.8) | ||
Stress | ||||
Low perceived stress | 201 (47.0) | 52 (36.4) | 0.027 | 0.092 b |
High perceived stress | 227 (53.0) | 91 (63.6) |
Variable | Stress | OR (95% CI) | |
---|---|---|---|
Low Perceived Stress n (%) | High Perceived Stress n (%) | ||
Age groups | |||
≤30 | 68 (26.9) | 41 (12.9) | 1 |
31–45 | 99 (39.1) | 137 (43.1) | 2.30 *** (1.44–3.66) |
46–60 | 76 (30.0) | 121 (38.1) | 2.64 *** (1.63–4.28) |
≥61 | 10 (4.0) | 19 (6.0) | 3.15 ** (1.34–7.43) |
Gender | |||
Women | 127 (50.2) | 169 (53.1) | 1.13 (0.81–1.57) |
Men | 126 (49.8) | 149 (46.9) | 1 |
Educational level | |||
Low | 65 (25.7) | 97 (30.5) | 1.46 (0.98–2.17) |
Medium | 64 (25.3) | 94 (29.6) | 1.43 (0.96–2.15) |
High | 124 (49.0) | 127 (39.9) | 1 |
Marital status | |||
Married | 176 (69.6) | 217 (68.2) | 1 |
Divorced | 26 (10.3) | 44 (13.8) | 1.37 (0.81–2.32) |
Single | 49 (19.4) | 48 (15.1) | 0.79 (0.51–1.24) |
Widowed | 2 (0.8) | 9 (2.8) | 3.65 (0.78–17.11) |
Work PA | |||
Low | 61 (24.1) | 102 (32.1) | 1.00 (0.65–1.54) |
Moderate | 120 (47.4) | 96 (30.2) | 0.48 *** (0.32–0.71) |
High | 72 (28.5) | 120 (37.7) | 1 |
Leisure PA | |||
Low | 72 (28.5) | 79 (24.8) | 1.13 (0.63–2.04) |
Moderate | 149 (58.9) | 208 (65.4) | 1.44 (0.84–2.47) |
High | 32 (12.6) | 31 (9.7) | 1 |
PA (min/week) | |||
≤150 | 235 (92.9) | 310 (97.5) | 2.97 * (1.27–6.94) |
>150 | 18 (7.1) | 8 (2.5) | 1 |
Sedentary behaviour | |||
<median | 207 (81.8) | 247 (77.7) | 1 |
≥median | 46 (18.2) | 71 (22.3) | 1.29 (0.85–1.96) |
Income (Eur) | |||
≤1000 | 78 (40.2) | 106 (39.8) | 1 |
>1000 | 116 (59.8) | 160 (60.2) | 1.02 (0.70–1.48) |
Smoking | |||
No | 173 (68.4) | 193 (60.7) | 1 |
Yes | 80 (31.6) | 125 (39.3) | 1.40 (0.99–1.98) |
BMI | |||
Normal | 106 (58.2) | 98 (34.8) | 1 |
Overweight/obesity | 76 (41.8) | 184 (65.2) | 2.62 *** (1.79–3.84) |
Chronic disease | |||
No | 229 (90.5) | 232 (73.0) | 1 |
Yes | 24 (9.5) | 86 (27.0) | 3.53 *** (2.17–5.76) |
HP | |||
No | 246 (97.2) | 263 (82.7) | 1 |
Yes | 7 (2.8) | 55 (17.3) | 7.35 *** (3.28–16.45) |
Children (<18 y) | |||
No | 148 (58.5) | 172 (54.1) | 1 |
Yes | 105 (41.5) | 146 (45.9) | 1.20 (0.86–1.67) |
Walkers | |||
No | 245 (96.8) | 313 (98.4) | 1 |
Yes | 8 (3.2) | 5 (1.6) | 0.49 (0.16–1.51) |
Public transport users | |||
No | 180 (71.1) | 232 (73.0) | 1 |
Yes | 73 (28.9) | 86 (27.0) | 0.91 (0.63–1.32) |
Bicycle users | |||
No | 241 (95.3) | 313 (98.4) | 1 |
Yes | 12 (4.7) | 5 (1.6) | 0.32 * (0.11–0.92) |
Car users | |||
No | 66 (26.1) | 88 (27.7) | 1 |
Yes | 187 (73.9) | 230 (72.3) | 0.92 (0.64–1.34) |
Occupational group | |||
White-collar | 201 (79.4) | 227 (71.4) | 1 |
Blue-collar | 52 (20.6) | 91 (28.6) | 1.55 * (1.05–2.29) |
Variables | Crude OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
White-collar | ||
Sedentary behaviour 3 h and more per day | 1.63 * (1.02–2.61) | 2.93 ** (1.48–5.81) a |
Women | ||
Sedentary behaviour 3 h and more per day | 1.93 (0.99–3.75) | 3.26 ** (1.23–8.65) b |
Men | ||
Sedentary behaviour 3 h and more per day | 1.58 (0.78–3.19) | 4.34 ** (1.46–12.95) b |
Blue-collar | ||
Sedentary behaviour 3 h and more per day | 0.62 (0.26–1.51) | 1.25 (0.23–6.81) c |
Women | ||
Sedentary behaviour 3 h and more per day | 0.18 (0.02–2.15) | 0.12 (0.01–2.74) d |
Men | ||
Sedentary behaviour 3 h and more per day | 0.71 (0.27–1.87) | 0.69 (0.24–1.98) e |
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Dėdelė, A.; Miškinytė, A.; Andrušaitytė, S.; Bartkutė, Ž. Perceived Stress Among Different Occupational Groups and the Interaction with Sedentary Behaviour. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4595. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234595
Dėdelė A, Miškinytė A, Andrušaitytė S, Bartkutė Ž. Perceived Stress Among Different Occupational Groups and the Interaction with Sedentary Behaviour. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(23):4595. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234595
Chicago/Turabian StyleDėdelė, Audrius, Auksė Miškinytė, Sandra Andrušaitytė, and Žydrūnė Bartkutė. 2019. "Perceived Stress Among Different Occupational Groups and the Interaction with Sedentary Behaviour" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23: 4595. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234595
APA StyleDėdelė, A., Miškinytė, A., Andrušaitytė, S., & Bartkutė, Ž. (2019). Perceived Stress Among Different Occupational Groups and the Interaction with Sedentary Behaviour. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(23), 4595. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234595