Physical and Psychosocial Work Environmental Risk Factors for Back Injury among Healthcare Workers: Prospective Cohort Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Population
2.2. Ethical Approval and Data Protection
2.3. Predictors
2.4. Outcome
2.5. Control Variables
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Data Sharing Statement
References
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Variable | Study Population | Non-Responders |
---|---|---|
N | 2080 | 1805 |
Age (mean) | 48.2 (11.1) | 44.5 (11.5) |
Gender (% women) | 87.1% | 86.4% |
Seniority, years (mean) | 17.9 (11.7) | 15.0 (11.4) |
NUMBER OF DAILY PATIENT TRANSFERS (%) | ||
Less than 1 | 39.3% | 34.3% |
1–4 | 28.4% | 30.9% |
5–8 | 17.9 % | 18.8% |
9 or more | 14.4% | 16.1% |
PSYCHOSOCIAL WORK FACTORS (0–100, where 100 is best) | ||
Collaboration between and support from colleagues | 80.0 (13.9) | 78.0 (14.6) |
Influence at work | 73.5 (17.6) | 70.0 (18.8) |
Recognition and support from management | 69.2 (20.9) | 64.3 (22.6) |
HEALTH FACTORS | ||
Mental health (0–100, where 100 is best) | 82.2 (13.4) | 80.3 (14.2) |
Low-back pain intensity (0–10) | 2.4 (2.6) | 2.3 (2.5) |
Previous back injury (%) | 10.2% | 13.0% |
LIFESTYLE FACTORS | ||
Smoking (% yes) | 8.1% | 10.6% |
BMI (mean) | 25.4 (4.8) | 24.8 (4.7) |
Leisure physical activity (%) | ||
1. Sedentary | 6.5% | 7.4% |
2. Light activities for at least 4 h per week | 61.7% | 58.4% |
3. Physical exercise or other strenuous activities for at least 4 h per week | 28.9% | 29.9% |
4. Hard physical exercise and competitions on a regular basis | 3.0% | 4.3% |
Predictor Variable | n | % | OR (95% CI) a |
---|---|---|---|
Number of daily patient transfers b | |||
Less than 1 | 13543 | 53.3 | 1 |
1–4 | 7223 | 28.4 | 3.58 (2.51–5.10) |
5–8 | 2575 | 10.1 | 7.60 (5.14–11.22) |
9 or more | 2061 | 8.1 | 8.03 (5.26–12.27) |
Collaboration between and support from colleagues c | |||
Good | 1051 | 51.2 | 1 |
Moderate | 917 | 44.7 | 1.09 (0.82–1.43) |
Poor | 85 | 4.1 | 3.16 (1.85–5.39) |
Influence at work c | |||
Good | 606 | 29.5 | 1 |
Moderate | 1089 | 53.0 | 1.00 (0.73–1.36) |
Poor | 358 | 17.4 | 1.20 (0.81–1.79) |
Recognition and support from management c | |||
Good | 572 | 27.9 | 1 |
Moderate | 928 | 45.2 | 1.27 (0.91–1.78) |
Poor | 553 | 26.9 | 1.01 (0.68–1.51) |
Assistive Device that was Lacking | Percentage of Back Injury Cases |
---|---|
Sliding sheet | 29.6% |
Intelligent bed | 19.0% |
Walking aids | 17.6% |
Ceiling lift | 12.7% |
Floor lift | 12.0% |
Hospital bed | 12.0% |
Masterturner, electric | 12.0% |
Sling | 11.3% |
Wheelchair | 9.9% |
Masterturner | 9.9% |
Stand-assist lift | 8.5% |
Sliding boards | 7.8% |
Standing lift | 7.8% |
Gait belt | 5.6% |
Toilet-chair, electric | 4.9% |
Toilet-chair | 4.2% |
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Andersen, L.L.; Vinstrup, J.; Villadsen, E.; Jay, K.; Jakobsen, M.D. Physical and Psychosocial Work Environmental Risk Factors for Back Injury among Healthcare Workers: Prospective Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4528. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224528
Andersen LL, Vinstrup J, Villadsen E, Jay K, Jakobsen MD. Physical and Psychosocial Work Environmental Risk Factors for Back Injury among Healthcare Workers: Prospective Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(22):4528. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224528
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndersen, Lars Louis, Jonas Vinstrup, Ebbe Villadsen, Kenneth Jay, and Markus Due Jakobsen. 2019. "Physical and Psychosocial Work Environmental Risk Factors for Back Injury among Healthcare Workers: Prospective Cohort Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22: 4528. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224528