Motivational Climate and Physical Activity: A Multigroup Analysis in Romanian and Spanish University Students
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Subjects and Design
2.2. Instruments
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Valladares, M.; Ramírez-Tagle, R.; Muñoz, M.A.; Obregón, A.M. Individual differences in chronotypes associated with academic performance among Chilean University students. Chronob. Int. 2018, 35, 578–583. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hawi, N.S.; Samaha, M. The relations among social media addiction, self-esteem, and life satisfaction in university students. Soc. Sci. Comp. Rev. 2017, 35, 576–586. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- RezaeiZadeh, M.; Hogan, M.; O’Reilly, J.; Cunningham, J.; Murphy, E. Core entrepreneurial competencies and their interdependencies: Insights from a study of Irish and Iranian entrepreneurs, university students and academics. Int. Entrepren. Manag. J. 2017, 13, 35–73. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wilson, C.K.; Matthews, J.I.; Seabrook, J.A.; Dworatzek, P.D. Self-reported food skills of university students. Appetite 2017, 108, 270–276. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Winstone, N.E.; Nash, R.A.; Rowntree, J.; Parker, M. ‘It’d be useful, but I wouldn’t use it’: Barriers to university students’ feedback seeking and recipience. Stud. Higher Educ. 2017, 42, 2026–2041. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chen, E.; Brody, G.H.; Miller, G.E. Childhood close family relationships and health. Am. Psychol. 2017, 72, 555. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Grønhøj, A.; Thøgersen, J. Why young people do things for the environment: The role of parenting for adolescents’ motivation to engage in pro-environmental behaviour. J. Environ. Psychol. 2017, 54, 11–19. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Peterson, N.E.; Sirard, J.R.; Kulbok, P.A.; DeBoer, M.D.; Erickson, J.M. Sedentary behavior and physical activity of young adult university students. Res. Nurs. Health 2018, 41, 30–38. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Aceijas, C.; Waldhäusl, S.; Lambert, N.; Cassar, S.; Bello-Corassa, R. Determinants of health-related lifestyles among university students. Perspect. Public Health 2017, 137, 227–236. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Davis, H.A.; Riley, E.N.; Smith, G.T.; Milich, R.; Burris, J.L. Alcohol use and strenuous physical activity in college students: A longitudinal test of 2 explanatory models of health behavior. J. Am. Coll. Health 2017, 65, 112–121. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lewis, B.A.; Napolitano, M.A.; Buman, M.P.; Williams, D.M.; Nigg, C.R. Future directions in physical activity intervention research: Expanding our focus to sedentary behaviors, technology, and dissemination. J. Behav. Med. 2017, 40, 112–126. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Füzéki, E.; Engeroff, T.; Banzer, W. Health benefits of light-intensity physical activity: A systematic review of accelerometer data of the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES). Sports Med. 2017, 47, 1769–1793. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Warburton, D.E.; Bredin, S.S. Health benefits of physical activity: A systematic review of current systematic reviews. Curr. Opin. Cardiol. 2017, 32, 541–556. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- McMahon, E.M.; Corcoran, P.; O’Regan, G.; Keeley, H.; Cannon, M.; Carli, V.; Wasserman, C.; Hadlaczky, G.; Sarchiapone, M.; Apter, A.; et al. Physical activity in European adolescents and associations with anxiety, depression and well-being. Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 2017, 26, 111–122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- O’donovan, G.; Lee, I.M.; Hamer, M.; Stamatakis, E. Association of “weekend warrior” and other leisure time physical activity patterns with risks for all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality. JAMA Int. Med. 2017, 177, 335–342. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Rhodes, R.E.; Janssen, I.; Bredin, S.S.; Warburton, D.E.; Bauman, A. Physical activity: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions. Psychol. Health 2017, 32, 942–975. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hesketh, K.R.; Lakshman, R.; van Sluijs, E.M. Barriers and facilitators to young children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviour: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative literature. Ob. Rev. 2017, 18, 987–1017. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- World Health Organization. Obesity and Overweight. Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight (accessed on 15 January 2019).
- Erickson, K.I.; Hillman, C.H.; Kramer, A.F. Physical activity, brain, and cognition. Curr. Op. Behav. Sci. 2015, 4, 27–32. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zurita-Ortega, F.; Chacón-Cuberos, R.; Castro-Sánchez, M.; Gutiérrez-Vela, F.; González-Valero, G. Effect of an intervention program based on active video games and motor games on health indicators in university students: A pilot study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 1329. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fedewa, A.L.; Ahn, S. The effects of physical activity and physical fitness on children’s achievement and cognitive outcomes: A meta-analysis. Res. Quarterly Exerc. Sport 2011, 82, 521–535. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sevil, J.; Sánchez-Miguel, P.A.; Pulido, J.J.; Praxedes, A.; Sánchez-Oliva, D. Motivation and physical activity: Differences between high school and university students in Spain. Percep. Motor Skill 2018, 125, 894–907. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chacón-Cuberos, R.; Zurita-Ortega, F.; Puertas-Molero, P.; Knox, E.; Cofré-Boladós, C.; Viciana-Garófano, V. Relationship between Healthy Habits and Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport among University Students: A Structural Equation Model. Sustainability 2018, 10, 938. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Diehl, K.; Fuchs, A.K.; Rathmann, K.; Hilger-Kolb, J. Students’ Motivation for Sport Activity and Participation in University Sports: A Mixed-Methods Study. BioMed. Res. Int. 2018, 9524861. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mascret, N.; Elliot, A.J.; Cury, F. Extending the 3× 2 achievement goal model to the sport domain: The 3 × 2 Achievement Goal Questionnaire for Sport. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 2015, 17, 7–14. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Harwood, C.G.; Keegan, R.J.; Smith, J.M.; Raine, A.S. A systematic review of the intrapersonal correlates of motivational climate perceptions in sport and physical activity. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 2015, 18, 9–25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Erturan-Ilker, G.; Yu, C.; Alemdaroğlu, U.; Köklü, Y. Basic psychological needs and self-determined motivation in PE to predict health-related fitness level. J. Sport Health Res. 2018, 10, 91–100. [Google Scholar]
- Castro-Sánchez, M.; Zurita-Ortega, F.; Chacón-Cuberos, R. Motivation towards sport based on socio-demographic variables in university students from Granada. J. Sport Health Res. 2019, 11, 55–68. [Google Scholar]
- Chacón-Cuberos, R.; Badicu, G.; Zurita-Ortega, F.; Castro-Sánchez, M. Mediterranean Diet and Motivation in Sport: A Comparative Study Between University Students from Spain and Romania. Nutrients 2019, 11, 30. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Castro-Sánchez, M.; Zurita-Ortega, F.; Chacón-Cuberos, R.; López-Gutierrez, C.J.; Zafra-Santos, E.O. Emotional Intelligence, Motivational Climate and Levels of Anxiety in Athletes from Different Categories of Sports: Analysis through Structural Equations. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 894. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Merino-Marban, R.; Mayorga-Vega, D.; Fernandez-Rodríguez, E.; Estrada, F.; Viciana, J. Effect of a physical education-based stretching programme on sit-andreach score and its posterior reduction in elementary schoolchildren. Eur. Phys. Educ. Rev. 2015, 21, 83–92. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Smilkein, G.; Ashwort, C.; Montano, D. Validity and reliability of the family APGAR as a test of family function. J. Fam. Pract. 1982, 15, 303–311. [Google Scholar]
- Bellón, J.A.; Delgado, A.; Luna, J.D.; Lardelli, P. Validity and reliability of the family Apgar family function test. Aten. Primaria. 1996, 18, 289–296. [Google Scholar]
- González-Cutre, D.; Sicilia, A.; Moreno, J.A. Social-cognitive model of goal motivation in Physical Education. Psicothema 2008, 20, 642–651. [Google Scholar]
- Zurita-Ortega, F.; Castro-Sánchez, M.; Chacón-Cuberos, R.; Cachón-Zagalaz, J.; Cofré-Bolados, C.; Knox, E.; Muros, J. Analysis of the Psychometric Properties of Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire and Its Relationship to Physical Activity and Gender Using Structural Equation Modelling. Sustainability 2018, 10, 632. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kowalski, K.C.; Crocker, P.R.; Donen, R.M. The physical activity questionnaire for older children (PAQ-C) and adolescents (PAQ-A) manual. Coll. Kinesiol. 2004, 87, 1–38. [Google Scholar]
- Martínez-Gómez, D.; Martínez-de-Haro, V.; Pozo, T.; Welk, G.J.; Villagra, A.; Calle, M.E.; Marcos, A.; Veiga, O.L. Reliability and validity of the PAQ-A physical activity questionnaire in Spanish adolescents. Rev. Esp. Salud. Pub. 2009, 83, 427–439. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Marsh, H.W. Handbook of Sport Psychology, 3rd ed.; Wiley: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2007; pp. 157–164. [Google Scholar]
- Jaakkola, T.; Yli-Piipari, S.; Barkoukis, V.; Liukkonen, J. Relationships among perceived motivational climate, motivational regulations, enjoyment, and PA participation among Finnish physical education students. Int. J. Sport Exerc. Psychol. 2017, 15, 273–290. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Al-Yaaribi, A.; Kavussanu, M. Consequences of prosocial and antisocial behaviors in adolescent male soccer players: The moderating role of motivational climate. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 2018, 37, 91–99. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Castro-Sánchez, M.; Chacón-Cuberos, R.; Ubago-Jiménez, J.L.; Zafra, E.O.; Zurita-Ortega, F. An Explanatory Model for the Relationship between Motivation in Sport, Victimization, and Video Game Use in Schoolchildren. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 1866. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nerstad, C.; Richardsen, A.M.; Roberts, G.C. Who are the high achievers at work? Perceived motivational climate, goal orientation profiles, and work performance. Scand. J. Psychol. 2018, 59, 661–677. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fin, G.; Moreno-Murcia, J.A.; Leon, J.; Baretta, E.; Nodari, R.J. Teachers’ interpersonal Style in Physical Education: Exploring Patterns of Students’ Self-Determined Motivation and Enjoyment of Physical Activity in a Longitudinal Study. Front. Psychol. 2019, 9, 2721. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Vaquero-Solis, M.; Cerro-Herrero, D.; Tapia-Serrano, M.A.; Iglesias-Gallego, D.; Sánchez-Miguel, A. Physical Activity, Emotional Adaptability and Intrinsic Regulation: A Predictive Study In Adolescents. J. Sport Health Res. 2018, 10, 209–219. [Google Scholar]
- Kimiecik, J.C.; Horn, T.S. Examining the relationship between family context and children’s physical activity beliefs: The role of parenting style. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 2012, 13, 10–18. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Piéron, M.; Ruiz-Juan, F. Influence of family environment and peers in physical activity habits of youth people. Rev. Int. Med. Cien. Act. Fís. Dep. 2013, 13, 525–549. [Google Scholar]
- González-García, H.; Pelegrín, A.; Carballo, J.L. Parental education styles as a predictor of sport success and competition level. Rev. Int. Med. Cien. Act. Fís. Dep. 2018, 18, 589–604. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ring, C.; Kavussanu, M. The impact of achievement goals on cheating in sport. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 2018, 35, 98–103. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Gagea, A.; Marinescu, G.; Cordun, M.; Gagea, G.; Szabo, G.; Paunescu, M. Recreational sport culture in Romania and some European countries. Rev. Cercet. Interv. Soc. 2010, 31, 54–63. [Google Scholar]
- Curran, T.; Hill, A.P.; Hall, H.K.; Jowett, G.E. Relationships between the coach-created motivational climate and athlete engagement in youth sport. J. Sport Exerc. Psychol. 2015, 37, 193–198. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Horn, T.; Byrd, M.; Martin, E.; Young, C. Perceived motivational climate and team cohesion in adolescent athletes. Sport Sci. Rev. 2012, 21, 25–48. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- McLaren, C.D.; Newland, A.; Eys, M.; Newton, M. Peer-Initiated motivational climate and group cohesion in youth sport. J. Appl. Sport Psychol. 2017, 29, 88–100. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Holgado, F.P.; Navas, L.; López-Nunes, M.; Calvo, T.G. A structural model of goal orientation in sports: Personal and contextual variables. Span. J. Psychol. 2010, 13, 257–266. [Google Scholar]
- Angelucci, L.T.; Cañoto, Y.; Hernández, M.J. Influence of Lifestyle, Gender, Age and bin on Physical and Psychological Health in University Young. Av. Psicol. Latinoam. 2017, 35, 531–546. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Castro-Sánchez, M.; Zurita-Ortega, F.; Chacón-Cuberos, R. Motivational climate in athletes according to the sport modality. Sport TK 2019, 8, 31–38. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Arias, N.; Calvo, M.D.; Benítez-Andrades, J.; Álvarez, M.J.; Alonso-Cortés, B.; Benavides, C. Socioeconomic Status in Adolescents: A Study of Its Relationship with Overweight and Obesity and Influence on Social Network Configuration. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 2014. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chacón-Cuberos, R.; Castro-Sánchez, M.; González-Campos, G.; Zurita-Ortega, F. Victimization in school, digital leisure and irritability: Analysis using structural equations. RELIEVE 2018, 24, 3. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Montero-Duarte, A.; Bogas, R.; Barradas, J.M.; Gómez, S.; Chacón-Cuberos, R. Analysis and relationship between the problematic use of video games and the level of physical activity in adolescents of Huelva. ESHPA—Educ. Sport Health Phys. Act. 2019, 3, 95–106. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Prochaska, J.J.; Rodgers, M.W.; Sallis, J.F. Association of parent and peer support with adolescent physical activity. Res. Q. Exerc. Sport 2002, 73, 206–210. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bassett-Gunter, R.; Rhodes, R.; Sweet, S.; Tristani, L.; Soltani, Y. Parent support for children’s physical activity: A qualitative investigation of barriers and strategies. Res. Quart. Exerc. Sport 2017, 88, 282–292. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rhodes, R.E.; Lim, C. Promoting parent and child physical activity together: Elicitation of potential intervention targets and preferences. Health Educ. Behav. 2017, 45, 112–123. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Keegan, R.J.; Harwood, C.G.; Spray, C.M.; Lavallee, D.E. A qualitative investigation exploring the motivational climate in early career sports participants: Coach, parent, and peer influences on sport motivation. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 2009, 10, 361–372. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Poletto, R.C.; Koller, S.H. Rede de apoio social e afetivo de crianças em situação de pobreza. Psico (RS) 2012, 33, 151–176. [Google Scholar]
- Nuviala, A.; Ruiz, F.; García, M.E. Free time, leisure and physical activity in adolescents. The influence of parents. Retos 2003, 6, 13–20. [Google Scholar]
Relationship between Variables | Regression Weights | S.R.W | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate | S.E. | C.R. | P | Estimate | |||
FF | ← | PA | 1.935 | 0.633 | 3.998 | ** | 0.25 |
PA | ← | TC | 2.564 | 0.629 | 5.237 | *** | 0.31 |
PA | ← | EC | 1.741 | 0.648 | 3.519 | ** | 0.19 |
FF | ← | TC | 0.845 | 0.588 | 4.367 | ** | 0.27 |
FF | ← | EC | −0.615 | 0.354 | −2.159 | * | −0.14 |
CL | ← | TC | 1.000 | - | - | *** | 0.87 |
EI | ← | TC | 0.854 | 0.093 | 19.361 | *** | 0.83 |
IR | ← | TC | 1.021 | 0.074 | 20.116 | *** | 0.87 |
PM | ← | EC | 1.000 | - | - | *** | 0.76 |
UR | ← | EC | 1.328 | 0.079 | 15.874 | *** | 0.92 |
MR | ← | EC | 0.863 | 0.123 | 11.827 | *** | 0.55 |
EC | ↔ | TC | −0.127 | 0.038 | −7.411 | *** | −0.51 |
Relationship between Variables | Regression Weights | S.R.W | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate | S.E. | C.R. | P | Estimate | |||
FF | ← | PA | 0.432 | 1.241 | 0.757 | 0.127 | 0.07 |
PA | ← | TC | 0.812 | 0.377 | 3.411 | ** | 0.19 |
PA | ← | EC | 0.796 | 0.583 | 4.991 | *** | 0.28 |
FF | ← | TC | 0.545 | 0.416 | 3.852 | ** | 0.23 |
FF | ← | EC | 0.764 | 0.659 | 2.358 | * | 0.16 |
CL | ← | TC | 1.000 | - | - | *** | 0.59 |
EI | ← | TC | 1.005 | 0.099 | 16.231 | *** | 0.79 |
IR | ← | TC | 0.936 | 0.128 | 15.637 | *** | 0.74 |
PM | ← | EC | 1.000 | - | - | *** | 0.66 |
UR | ← | EC | 1.419 | 0.063 | 17.746 | *** | 0.80 |
MR | ← | EC | 0.888 | 0.149 | 11.627 | *** | 0.51 |
EC | ↔ | TC | 0.077 | 0.026 | 9.851 | *** | 0.79 |
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Zurita-Ortega, F.; Badicu, G.; Chacón-Cuberos, R.; Castro-Sánchez, M. Motivational Climate and Physical Activity: A Multigroup Analysis in Romanian and Spanish University Students. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2013. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112013
Zurita-Ortega F, Badicu G, Chacón-Cuberos R, Castro-Sánchez M. Motivational Climate and Physical Activity: A Multigroup Analysis in Romanian and Spanish University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(11):2013. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112013
Chicago/Turabian StyleZurita-Ortega, Félix, Georgian Badicu, Ramón Chacón-Cuberos, and Manuel Castro-Sánchez. 2019. "Motivational Climate and Physical Activity: A Multigroup Analysis in Romanian and Spanish University Students" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 11: 2013. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112013
APA StyleZurita-Ortega, F., Badicu, G., Chacón-Cuberos, R., & Castro-Sánchez, M. (2019). Motivational Climate and Physical Activity: A Multigroup Analysis in Romanian and Spanish University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(11), 2013. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112013