Association between Colorectal Adenoma and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Korean Adults
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. General Characteristics and Lifestyle Factors
2.2.2. Colonoscopy
2.2.3. Carotid Sonography
2.2.4. Assessment of Risk Factors
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Reference
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Adenomatous Polyp | Non-Adenomatous Polyp a | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
(n = 170) | (n = 378) | ||
Age (years), (mean ± SD) | 54.9 ± 8.0 | 52.1 ± 8.5 | <0.001 |
Men, n (%) | 141 (82.9%) | 271 (71.7%) | 0.050 |
Current smoking, n (%) | 39 (22.9%) | 85 (22.5%) | 0.027 |
Heavy alcohol, n (%) | 52 (30.6%) | 81 (21.4%) | 0.021 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 25 (14.7%) | 29 (7.7%) | 0.011 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 45 (26.5%) | 88 (23.3%) | 0.420 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 51 (30.0%) | 66 (17.5%) | 0.001 |
Metabolic syndrome, n (%) | 50 (29.4%) | 70 (18.5%) | 0.004 |
Systolic BP (mmHg), (mean ± SD) | 123.4 ± 11.6 | 121.4 ± 11.5 | 0.054 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg), (mean ± SD) | 77.4 ± 8.3 | 75.8 ± 9.2 | 0.048 |
BMI (kg/m2), (mean ± SD) | 24.9 ± 3.1 | 24.3 ± 3.1 | 0.036 |
Waist circumference (cm), (mean ± SD) | 86.1 ± 8.4 | 83.9 ± 8.9 | 0.006 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL), (mean ± SD) | 189.1 ± 36.5 | 188.6 ± 36.4 | 0.874 |
Triglyceride (mg/dL)), (mean ± SD) | 120.2 ± 74.4 | 103.4 ± 69.6 | 0.011 |
HDL-C (mg/dL), (mean ± SD) | 52.3 ± 13.2 | 56.6 ± 16.8 | 0.003 |
LDL-C (mg/dL), (mean ± SD) | 129.2 ± 34.8 | 126.2 ± 33.2 | 0.339 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL), (mean ± SD) | 104.1 ± 29.0 | 95.0 ± 16.8 | 0.000 |
HbA1c (%), (mean ± SD) | 5.8 ± 1.1 | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 0.001 |
Increased CIMT, n (%) | 39 (22.9%) | 63 (16.7%) | 0.053 |
Carotid plaque, n (%) | 29 (17.1%) | 45 (11.9%) | 0.069 |
Carotid atherosclerosis, n (%) | 66 (38.8%) | 105 (27.8%) | 0.007 |
Variables | Carotid Atherosclerosis (n = 171) | Normal (n = 377) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Adenomatous polyp | 66 (38.6) | 104 (27.6) | 0.010 |
Location | |||
proximal | 38 (22.2) | 77 (20.4) | 0.632 |
distal | 33 (19.3) | 51 (13.5) | 0.082 |
both | 7 (4.1) | 24 (6.4) | 0.286 |
Size, mm | 0.004 | ||
<5 | 148 (86.5) | 341 (90.5) | |
5 ≤ 10 | 21 (12.3) | 21 (5.3) | |
≥10 | 2 (1.2) | 16 (4.2) | |
Number | 0.172 | ||
<3 | 159 (93) | 361 (95.8) | |
≥3 | 12 (7.0) | 16 (4.2) | |
Villous feature or high-grade dysplasia | 0.900 | ||
yes | 2 (1.2) | 4 (1.1) | |
no | 169 (98.8) | 373 (98.9) | |
Advanced lesion | 0.766 | ||
yes | 13 (7.6) | 26 (6.9) | |
no | 158 (92.4) | 351 (93.1) |
Variables | Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps | p-Value |
---|---|---|
Age | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.001 * |
Men (ref: female) | 1.23 (0.69–2.18) | 0.485 |
Smoking (ref: non-smoking) | 1.25 (0.74–2.14) | 0.406 |
Alcohol | 1.48 (0.95–2.23) | 0.082 |
Metabolic syndrome | 1.80 (1.17–2.74) | 0.007 * |
Increased CIMT | 1.58 (1.02–2.47) | 0.041 |
Carotid plaque | 1.70 (1.04–2.76) | 0.034 |
Carotid atherosclerosis | 1.65 (1.12–2.43) | 0.011 * |
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Kim, H.; Cho, Y.J.; Kim, Y.A.; Gwak, S.G. Association between Colorectal Adenoma and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Korean Adults. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 2762. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122762
Kim H, Cho YJ, Kim YA, Gwak SG. Association between Colorectal Adenoma and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Korean Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15(12):2762. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122762
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Hyunji, Yoon Jeong Cho, Yun A. Kim, and Sang Gyu Gwak. 2018. "Association between Colorectal Adenoma and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Korean Adults" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12: 2762. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122762