Gender, Marital Status, and Children as Risk Factors for Burnout in Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Sources and Inclusion Criteria
2.2. Critical Reading
2.3. Coding of Variables
2.4. Effect Sizes
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of Studies in Sample
3.2. Description of Effect Sizes (Pearson Correlations)
3.3. Analysis of Moderator Variables
4. Discussion
4.1. Correlations between Sociodemographic Variables and the MBI Dimensions
4.2. Analysis of Moderator Variables
4.3. Recommendations and Suggestions for Hospital Managers and Nursing Professionals
4.4. Study Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | k | β | QR | QE | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||||
Emotional Exhaustion | |||||
SD mean age | 34 | −0.0140 | 5.39 * | 33.61 | 0.138 |
Mean depersonalization | 35 | 0.0069 | 10.08 ** | 30.59 | 0.247 |
SD depersonalization | 35 | 0.0095 | 10.03 ** | 30.64 | 0.246 |
Mean personal accomplishment | 34 | 0.0016 | 9.25 ** | 30.17 | 0.234 |
SD personal accomplishment | 34 | 0.0062 | 7.39 ** | 32.00 | 0.177 |
SD job seniority | 15 | −0.0480 | 9.20 ** | 12.86 | 0.417 |
Alpha coefficient PA | 21 | −0.6226 | 4.37 ** | 22.13 | 0.164 |
Publication year | 54 | −0.0050 | 7.26 ** | 53.72 | 0.119 |
Depersonalization | |||||
Mean job seniority | 5 | −0.0368 | 8.19 ** | 15.87 ** | 0.340 |
SD job seniority | 5 | −0.0481 | 9.65 ** | 14.41 ** | 0.401 |
Personal Accomplishment | |||||
Children | 9 | −0.0030 | 4.79 * | 10.87 | 0.305 |
SD job satisfaction | 6 | 0.1847 | 4.01 * | 12.49 * | 0.243 |
Marital state | |||||
Emotional Exhaustion | |||||
Mean personal accomplishment | 21 | 0.0056 | 8.04 ** | 24.98 | 0.243 |
SD personal accomplishment | 21 | 0.0222 | 7.75 ** | 22.68 | 0.254 |
Depersonalization | |||||
Children | 5 | −0.0057 | 4.02 * | 11.14 ** | 0.265 |
Response rate | 24 | −0.0035 | 9.29 ** | 26.07 | 0.262 |
Personal Accomplishment | |||||
Children | 8 | 0.0042 | 7.40 ** | 20.02 ** | 0.269 |
Job seniority | 5 | 0.0202 | 4.00 * | 2.34 | 0.630 |
Children | |||||
Depersonalization | |||||
D Cronbach’s alpha coefficient | 5 | 0.8081 | 4.36 * | 6.38 | 0.405 |
Personal Accomplishment | |||||
Gender | 7 | 0.0047 | 4.48 * | 5.89 | 0.432 |
Variables | k | r | 95% CIs | ANOVAs | r2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Children | |||||
Depersonalization | |||||
MBI language | |||||
Spanish | 5 | 0.026 | (−0.021, 0.073) | QB(2) = 9.398 ** Qw(10) = 11.140 | 0.457 |
English | 3 | −0.026 | (−0.232, 0.183) | ||
Other | 5 | 0.126 | (0.078, 0.173) | ||
Sample | |||||
Randomized | 3 | −0.031 | (−0.103, 0.042) | QB(1) = 6.485 * | 0.266 |
Convenient | 10 | 0.083 | [0.034, 0.132] | Qw(12) = 13.119 | |
Personal Accomplishment | |||||
MBI language | |||||
Spanish | 5 | 0.061 | (−0.007, 0.129) | QB(2) = 8.454 * Qw(11) = 20.449 * | 0.292 |
English | 3 | −0.128 | (−0.233, −0.020) | ||
Other | 5 | 0.015 | (−0.106, 0.136) |
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Cañadas-De la Fuente, G.A.; Ortega, E.; Ramirez-Baena, L.; De la Fuente-Solana, E.I.; Vargas, C.; Gómez-Urquiza, J.L. Gender, Marital Status, and Children as Risk Factors for Burnout in Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 2102. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102102
Cañadas-De la Fuente GA, Ortega E, Ramirez-Baena L, De la Fuente-Solana EI, Vargas C, Gómez-Urquiza JL. Gender, Marital Status, and Children as Risk Factors for Burnout in Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15(10):2102. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102102
Chicago/Turabian StyleCañadas-De la Fuente, Guillermo A., Elena Ortega, Lucia Ramirez-Baena, Emilia I. De la Fuente-Solana, Cristina Vargas, and Jose Luis Gómez-Urquiza. 2018. "Gender, Marital Status, and Children as Risk Factors for Burnout in Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 10: 2102. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102102