Trends and Comparisons of Utilization of Emergency Departments Due to Traumatic or Non-Traumatic Causes among the HIV-Positive Population in Taiwan, 2006–2011
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Data Source, Security, and Quality Control
2.2. Definition of the Enrolled Study Population
2.3. Statistical Analysis
2.4. Ethical Approval
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Identified in 2000 (n = 396) | Identified in 2001 (n = 390) | Identified in 2002 (n = 520) | Identified in 2003 (n = 505) | Identified in 2004 (n = 691) | Identified in 2005 (n = 998) | Cumulative Enrolled Cases (n = 3500) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
Age, mean (SD) | 35.7 (11.9) | 36.1 (11.6) | 36.6 (11.9) | 35.1 (12.2) | 34.9 (12.1) | 34.0 (10.6) | 35.1 (11.6) | |||||||
0–29 years | 146 | 36.9 | 123 | 31.5 | 166 | 31.9 | 205 | 31.9 | 260 | 37.6 | 412 | 41.3 | 1312 | 37.5 |
30–44 years | 169 | 42.7 | 197 | 50.5 | 254 | 48.9 | 217 | 43.0 | 315 | 45.6 | 456 | 45.7 | 1608 | 45.9 |
45–59 years | 64 | 16.2 | 54 | 13.9 | 66 | 12.7 | 59 | 11.7 | 80 | 11.6 | 100 | 10.0 | 423 | 12.1 |
60+ years | 17 | 4.3 | 16 | 4.1 | 34 | 6.5 | 24 | 7.6 | 36 | 5.2 | 30 | 3.0 | 157 | 4.5 |
Gender | ||||||||||||||
Female | 41 | 10.4 | 33 | 8.5 | 36 | 6.9 | 37 | 7.3 | 63 | 9.1 | 115 | 11.5 | 325 | 9.3 |
Male | 355 | 89.6 | 357 | 91.5 | 484 | 93.1 | 468 | 92.7 | 628 | 90.9 | 883 | 88.5 | 3175 | 90.7 |
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | |
Valid cases * | 3113 | 3021 | 2944 | 2817 | 2754 | 2676 |
Expired cases ** | 92 | 77 | 127 | 63 | 78 | 72 |
Male (%) | 81 (88.0) | 65 (84.4) | 113 (89.0) | 59 (93.7) | 70 (89.7) | 67 (93.1) |
Age, mean (SD) (years) | 36.2 (14.0) | 36.7 (11.5) | 36.5 (11.4) | 34.9 (10.4) | 34.8 (11.0) | 37.1 (13.8) |
Mortality rate (95% CI) *** | 3.0% (2.4–3.6) | 2.5% (2.0–3.2) | 4.3% (3.6–5.1) | 2.2% (1.8–2.9) | 2.8% (2.3–3.5) | 2.7% (2.1–3.4) |
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | p Value for Trend * | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total ED visitors | 704 | 645 | 591 | 573 | 578 | 568 | |
ED utilization rate (visitors/valid cases) | 22.6% | 21.4% | 20.1% | 20.3% | 21.0% | 21.2% | |
Frequency of ED visits with traumatic-related * causes (% of all visits) | 291 (21.8) | 252 (19.8) | 256 (24.4) | 242 (22.8) | 237 (20.9) | 194 (19.6) | |
Incidence of traumatic ED visits among the valid cases, per 100 persons (95% CI) | 9.3 (8.4–10.4) | 8.3 (7.4–9.4) | 8.7 (7.7–9.8) | 8.6 (7.6–9.7) | 8.6 (7.6–9.7) | 7.2 (6.3–8.3) | 0.17 |
Frequency of ED visits with non-traumatic-related causes (% of all visits) | 1041 (78.2) | 1023 (80.2) | 794 (75.6) | 819 (77.2) | 899 (79.1) | 798 (80.4) | |
Incidence of non-traumatic ED visits among the valid cases, per 100 persons (95% CI) | 33.4 (31.8–35.1) | 33.9 (32.2–35.6) | 27.0 (25.4–28.6) | 29.1 (27.4–30.8) | 32.6 (30.9–34.4) | 29.8 (28.1–31.6) | 0.39 |
Medical Cost (US$) **, mean (SD) | |||||||
Traumatic cases | 92.1 (93.5) | 96.4 (106.0) | 104.0 (142.0) | 112.0 (214.0) | 93.9 (107.0) | 89.3 (102.0) | 0.90 |
Non-traumatic cases | 96.6 (143.0) | 102.0 (121.0) | 104.0 (153.0) | 103.0 (146.0) | 105.0 (176.0) | 120.0 (179.0) | 0.005 |
p value for t test | 0.52 | 0.26 | 0.99 | 0.55 | 0.21 | 0.002 |
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Lin, C.-H.; Lin, T.; Chou, P.; Yang, N.-P. Trends and Comparisons of Utilization of Emergency Departments Due to Traumatic or Non-Traumatic Causes among the HIV-Positive Population in Taiwan, 2006–2011. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 1214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14101214
Lin C-H, Lin T, Chou P, Yang N-P. Trends and Comparisons of Utilization of Emergency Departments Due to Traumatic or Non-Traumatic Causes among the HIV-Positive Population in Taiwan, 2006–2011. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017; 14(10):1214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14101214
Chicago/Turabian StyleLin, Ching-Heng, Ting Lin, Pesus Chou, and Nan-Ping Yang. 2017. "Trends and Comparisons of Utilization of Emergency Departments Due to Traumatic or Non-Traumatic Causes among the HIV-Positive Population in Taiwan, 2006–2011" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 10: 1214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14101214