Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Kuwait
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Sampling Design
2.2. Population
2.3. Blood Analysis
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Prevalence of Anemia among the Various Age Groups
Age(y) | n | Males | Females | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SEM * | % Anemic | Mean ± SEM * | % Anemic | ||
0–4.9 | 252 | 123.9 ± 1.6 | 15.6 | 122.8 ± 2.0 | 15.7 |
5–11 | 181 | 131.7 ± 0.9 | 9.9 | 130.6 ± 1.1 | 12.4 |
12–14 | 182 | 140.9 ± 2.2 | 8.8 | 132.5 ± 1.8 | 5.7 |
15–19 | 194 | 152.8 ± 1.7 | 2.4 | 131.0 ± 1.4 | 10.2 |
20–49 | 663 | 156.6 ± 1.1 | 2.5 | 127.2 ± 1.0 | 17.1 |
≥50 | 358 | 149.1 ± 1.4 | 5.5 | 128.0 ± 0.9 | 18.0 |
3.2. Prevalence of Iron Deficiency among the Various Age Groups
Age (y) | Males | Females | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
SF * | ZnPP ** | SF | ZnPP | |
0–4.9 | ND *** | 1.9 | ND | 1.1 |
5–11 | 21.4 | 15.9 | 20.7 | 17.0 |
12–14 | 11.4 | 27.9 | 8.6 | 26.0 |
15–19 | 4.2 | 15.1 | 22.6 | 31.7 |
20–49 | 3.9 | 10.6 | 18.8 | 35.7 |
≥50 | 4.1 | 16.2 | 15.1 | 34.8 |
3.3. Other Hematological-Related Variables
Variable ** | Males | Females | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SEM | % Anemic * | Mean ± SEM | % Anemic | |
RBC Fol | 521.4 ± 11.2 | 2.3 | 613.7 ± 13.4 | 9.4 |
Vitamin A | 73.1 ± 2.2 | 2.6 | 64.7 ± 3.7 | 10.8 |
Vitamin B12 | 380.0 ± 16.3 | 1.3 | 382.3 ± 15.3 | 5.6 |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Al Zenki, S.; Alomirah, H.; Al Hooti, S.; Al Hamad, N.; Jackson, R.T.; Rao, A.; Al Jahmah, N.; Al Obaid, I.; Al Ghanim, J.; Al Somaie, M.; et al. Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Kuwait. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 9036-9045. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120809036
Al Zenki S, Alomirah H, Al Hooti S, Al Hamad N, Jackson RT, Rao A, Al Jahmah N, Al Obaid I, Al Ghanim J, Al Somaie M, et al. Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Kuwait. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(8):9036-9045. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120809036
Chicago/Turabian StyleAl Zenki, Sameer, Husam Alomirah, Suad Al Hooti, Nawal Al Hamad, Robert T. Jackson, Aravinda Rao, Nasser Al Jahmah, Ina'am Al Obaid, Jameela Al Ghanim, Mona Al Somaie, and et al. 2015. "Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia and Iron Deficiency in Kuwait" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 8: 9036-9045. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120809036