A Comparative Land Use-Based Analysis of Noise Pollution Levels in Selected Urban Centers of Nigeria
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Countries | Industrial | Commercial | Residential | Silent Zones | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Day | Night | Day | Night | Day | Night | Day | Night | |
Australia (dB) | 55 | 55 | 55 | 45 | 45 | 35 | 45 | 35 |
India (dB) | 75 | 70 | 65 | 55 | 55 | 45 | 50 | 40 |
Japan (dB) | 60 | 50 | 60 | 50 | 50 | 40 | 45 | 35 |
US, EPA (dB) | 70 | 60 | 60 | 50 | 55 | 45 | 45 | 35 |
WHO (dB) | ||||||||
(WHO 2009, [66]) |
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Description of the Study Area
2.2. Datasets and Sources
2.3. Data Analysis
dB(A) | Sensitivity |
---|---|
55–<60 | Risky |
60–<65 | Moderately Risk |
65–<70 | Highly risky |
70–<75 | Dangerous |
75–<80 | Highly dangerous |
>80 | Extremely dangerous |
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Detailed Noise Levels in Ibadan and Ile-Ife
3.1.1. Characterization of Noise Levels in Ibadan and Ile-Ife Cities
Location | Morning | Afternoon | Evening | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Min. | Max. | Mean | Min. | Max. | Mean | Min. | Max. | |
Academy | 78.2 | 74 | 82 | 75.8 | 70 | 82 | 77.2 | 66 | 83 |
Agodi Gate | 80.4 | 75 | 86 | 80 | 73 | 88 | 79 | 75 | 83 |
Akobo Est | 64 | 59 | 68 | 62.2 | 60 | 64 | 65.2 | 61 | 70 |
Alakia | 70.8 | 65 | 79 | 71.4 | 68 | 76 | 73.6 | 61 | 80 |
Aleshinloye | 77 | 68 | 81 | 72 | 61 | 77 | 74.8 | 63 | 81 |
Bodija est | 68.4 | 65 | 72 | 63 | 60 | 67 | 64.6 | 59 | 68 |
Challenge | 76.4 | 70 | 80 | 71.4 | 67 | 75 | 71.8 | 65 | 81 |
Dugbe | 71.8 | 66 | 75 | 70.6 | 64 | 75 | 69.8 | 64 | 76 |
Gbagi Mkt | 80.6 | 73 | 86 | 80.6 | 68 | 86 | 80.8 | 77 | 85 |
Iwo Road | 84.8 | 78 | 89 | 83.8 | 76 | 87 | 83.8 | 78 | 89 |
Iyana Church | 67.6 | 63 | 70 | 66 | 60 | 70 | 69 | 63 | 75 |
Jericho GRA | 66 | 63 | 68 | 71.4 | 62 | 77 | 70.8 | 64 | 77 |
Ojoo | 71.8 | 65 | 77 | 66.8 | 64 | 70 | 76.8 | 63 | 85 |
Oluyole Ind. | 76.6 | 72 | 82 | 76.2 | 67 | 83 | 72 | 65 | 77 |
Oluyole Res | 64.4 | 61 | 68 | 64.2 | 61 | 68 | 63.4 | 58 | 67 |
Oje | 81.2 | 72 | 85 | 79 | 64 | 86 | 77.6 | 70 | 83 |
Ring road | 72.6 | 70 | 74 | 73.2 | 65 | 77 | 77.4 | 68 | 85 |
Secretariat | 74.6 | 64 | 82 | 68.8 | 60 | 77 | 72.8 | 61 | 81 |
Toll-Gate Ib. | 82.6 | 79 | 87 | 81.2 | 75 | 85 | 73.8 | 62 | 80 |
Uni-Ibadan | 70.4 | 64 | 76 | 68.6 | 67 | 72 | 70.4 | 60 | 85 |
Average | 74.01 | 68.3 | 78.35 | 72.31 | 65.6 | 77.1 | 73.23 | 65.15 | 79.55 |
Locations | Morning | Afternoon | Evening | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Min. | Max. | Mean | Min. | Max. | Mean | Min. | Max. | |
Abaya-gani | 63.2 | 61 | 66 | 61 | 53 | 69 | 57.6 | 53 | 62 |
Ajegunle | 61.6 | 57 | 67 | 70.6 | 65 | 77 | 70 | 67 | 73 |
Akrabata | 64.2 | 63 | 66 | 65.8 | 62 | 73 | 70.8 | 67 | 74 |
Asherifa | 63.4 | 59 | 67 | 70.6 | 64 | 76 | 68.8 | 63 | 76 |
Awo hall | 64.8 | 60 | 68 | 70.6 | 62 | 76 | 69 | 64 | 73 |
Eleyele layout | 69 | 63 | 75 | 59.4 | 55 | 64 | 69.2 | 65 | 73 |
Fajuyi road | 70.2 | 62 | 75 | 67.8 | 57 | 75 | 71.4 | 65 | 76 |
Iremo road | 79.6 | 70 | 86 | 70.8 | 65 | 75 | 75 | 68 | 83 |
Lagere | 76.2 | 69 | 81 | 76.8 | 71 | 81 | 79 | 76 | 82 |
Mayfair | 81.8 | 73 | 87 | 68.2 | 61 | 77 | 68.2 | 59 | 75 |
OAU main-gate | 67.6 | 63 | 74 | 66 | 60 | 70 | 68.8 | 63 | 73 |
OAU SUB | 72.2 | 64 | 78 | 71.2 | 61 | 77 | 70.6 | 66 | 78 |
OAU THC | 70.8 | 68 | 75 | 64.6 | 60 | 70 | 72.2 | 69 | 77 |
Olubushe | 73.4 | 68 | 79 | 70.4 | 63 | 77 | 67.2 | 63 | 71 |
Moremi est | 68.2 | 63 | 71 | 64.6 | 61 | 68 | 68.2 | 65 | 73 |
Opa Oranmiyan | 66 | 64 | 71 | 78.4 | 63 | 86 | 72.4 | 68 | 76 |
Road 21 | 57.8 | 54 | 62 | 58.8 | 54 | 63 | 62.2 | 58 | 66 |
Road 7 | 64.6 | 59 | 71 | 67 | 62 | 72 | 69.6 | 63 | 77 |
Sabo market | 64.8 | 60 | 73 | 78 | 72 | 85 | 80 | 77 | 83 |
Toll gate | 72.4 | 69 | 76 | 77.6 | 67 | 87 | 76.2 | 72 | 79 |
Average | 68.59 | 63.5 | 73.4 | 68.9 | 61.9 | 74.9 | 70.3 | 65.6 | 75 |
3.1.2. Spatial Variation of Noise Sensitivity
3.2. Comparison of the Average Noise Levels in Ibadan and Ile-Ife
Noise Level Db(A) | Mon. | Wed. | Fri. | Sat. | Sun. | Total | Percentage | Sensitivity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
55–<60 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 24 | 4.00 | Risky |
60–<65 | 13 | 12 | 14 | 15 | 46 | 100 | 16.67 | Moderately Risky |
65–<70 | 23 | 37 | 21 | 30 | 30 | 141 | 23.50 | Highly Risky |
70–<75 | 30 | 23 | 29 | 23 | 19 | 124 | 20.67 | Dangerous |
75–<80 | 28 | 23 | 28 | 29 | 10 | 118 | 19.67 | Highly dangerous |
>80 | 24 | 20 | 25 | 18 | 6 | 93 | 15.50 | Extremely dangerous |
3.3. Relationship between Land Use and Noise Levels
ANOVA | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sum of Squares | Df | Mean Square | F | Sig. | |
Between Groups | 5874.801 | 3 | 1958.267 | 15.132 | .000 |
Within Groups | 4400.151 | 34 | 129.416 | ||
Total | 10274.953 | 37 |
(I) Land Use (J) Land Use | Mean Difference | Std. Error | |
---|---|---|---|
(I–J) | |||
Residential | Educational | –7.92000 | 7.19489 |
Transportation | –25.32000 * | 4.79660 | |
Commercial | –26.33212 * | 4.51585 | |
Educational | Residential | 7.92000 | 7.19489 |
Transportation | –17.40000 | 7.58408 | |
Commercial | –18.41212 | 7.40971 | |
Transportation | Residential | 25.32000 * | 4.79660 |
Educational | 17.40000 | 7.58408 | |
Commercial | –1.01212 | 5.11319 | |
Commercial | Residential | 26.33212 * | 4.51585 |
Educational | 18.41212 | 7.40971 | |
Transportation | 1.01212 | 5.11319 |
4. Limitation to the Study
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgement
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Scott, A.J.; Storper, M. The Nature of Cities: The Scope and Limits of Urban Theory. Int. J. Urban Reg. Res. 2015, 39, 1–15. [Google Scholar]
- Glaeser, E.L. A World of Cities: The Causes and Consequences of Urbanization in Poorer Countries. J. Eur. Econ. Assoc. 2014, 12, 1154–1199. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhao, J.; Zhu, C.; Zhao, S. Comparing the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Urbanization in Moderately Developed Chinese Cities over the Past Three Decades: Case of Nanjing and Xi’an. J. Urban Plann. Dev. 2014. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Solocki, W.; Rosenzweig, C.; Hammer, S.; Mehrotra, S. The urbanization of climate change: Responding to new global challenge from the urban transformation: Health, shelter and climate change. In Wheeler; Stephen, M., Beatley, T., Eds.; Routledge: Abingdon, UK, 2013; pp. 107–116. [Google Scholar]
- Potter, R.B.; Lloyd-Evans, S. The Cities in the Developing World; Routledge: Abingdon, UK, 2014; pp. 3–15. [Google Scholar]
- Jiang, L.; O’Neill, B.C. Global urbanization projections for the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. Glob. Environ. Change 2015, in press. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chikaraishi, M.; Fujiwara, A.; Kaneko, S.; Poumanyvong, P.; Komatsu, S.; Kalugin, A. The moderating effects of urbanization on carbon dioxide emissions: A latent class modeling approach. Technol. Forecast. Soc. 2015, 90, 302–317. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sadorsky, P. The effect of urbanization on CO2 emissions in emerging economies. Energy Economics 2014, 41, 147–153. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Al-Mulalia, U.; Ozturkb, L. The effect of energy consumption, urbanization, trade openness, industrial output, and the political stability on the environmental degradation in the MENA (Middle East and North African) region. Energy 2015, 84, 382–389. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dasgupta, M.; Dasgupta, S.N. Urbanization in India: Revisiting the Energy Aspect and Policy Issues. Available online: http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/54635/.DOI 10.1007/s11367-011-0377-4 (Accessed on 6 June 2015).
- Creutzig, C.; Baiocchi, G.; Bierkandt, R.; Pichler, P.; Seto, K.C. Global typology of urban energy use and potentials for an urbanization mitigation wedge. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2014, 112, 20. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lin, B.; Ouyang, X. Energy demand in China: Comparison of characteristics between the US and China in rapid urbanization stage. J. Pure Appl. Sci. 2014, 79, 128–139. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lin, B.B.; Fuller, R.A.; Bush, R.; Gaston, K.J.; Shanahan, D.F. Opportunity or Orientation? Who Uses Urban Parks and Why. PLoS ONE 2014, 9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Tanner, C.J.; Adler, F.R.; Grimm, N.B.; Groffman, P.M.; Levin, S.A.; Munshi-South, J.; Pataki, D.E.; Pavao-Zuckerman, M.; Wilson, W.G. Urban Ecology: Advancing Science and Society. Front Ecol. Environ. 2014, 12, 574–581. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kaushal, S.S.; McDowell, W.H.; Wollheim, W.M. Tracking evolution of urban biogeochemical cycles: Past, present, and future. Biogeochemistry 2014, 121, 1–21. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lin, T.; Gibson, B.; Cui, S.; Yu, C.; Chen, S.; Ye, Z.; Zhu, Y. Managing urban nutrient biogeochemistry for sustainable Urbanization. Environ. Pollut. 2014, 192, 244–250. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Liu, C.; Wang, Q.; Zou, C.; Hayashi, Y.; Yasunari, T. Recent trends in nitrogen flows with urbanization in the Shanghai megacity and the effects on the water environment. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2014, 22, 3431–3440. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Aronson, M.F.J.; La Sorte, F.A.; Nilon, C.H.; Katti, M.; Goddard, M.A.; Lepczyk, C.A.; Warren, P.S.; Williams, N.S.G.; Cilliers, S.; Clarkson, B.; et al. A global analysis of the impacts of urbanization on bird and plant diversity reveals key anthropogenic drivers. Proc. R. Soc. 2014, 281. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wang, L.; Lyons, L. Fish and Benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages as indicators of stream degradation in urbanizing watersheds. In Biological Response Signatures: Indicator Patterns Using Aquatic Communities; Simon, T.P., Ed.; CRC Press: Florida, FL, USA, 2003; pp. 227–249. [Google Scholar]
- Chen, Y.; Zhou, H.; Zhang, H.; Du, G.; Zhou, J. Urban flood risk warning under rapid urbanization. Environ. Res. 2015, 139, 3–10. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Du, S.; Rompaey, A.V.; Shi, P.; Wang, J. A Dual Effect of Urban Expansion on Flood Risk in the Pearl River Delta (China) Revealed by Land-Use Scenarios and Direct Runoff Simulation. Nat. Hazards 2015, 77, 111–128. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Khresat, S. Land Degradation Causes and Sustainable Land Management Practices in Southern Jordan. Available online: http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-151.pdf (accessed on 27 September 2015).
- Imbrenda, V.; D’emilio, M.; Lanfredi, M.; Macchiato, M.; Ragosta, M.; Simoniello, T. Indicators for the estimation of vulnerability to land degradation derived from soil compaction and vegetation cover. Eur. J. Soil. Sci. 2014, 65, 907–923. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ferrara, A.; Salvati, L.; Sabbi, A.; Colantoni, A. Soil resources, land cover changes and rural areas: Towards a spatial mismatch? Sci. Total. Environ. 2014, 478, 116–122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hidayati, D.; Delinom, R.; Abdurachim, A.; Dalimunthe, S.; Haba, J.; Pawitan, H. Striving to reduce vulnerability: Lessons from the poor community livelihoodsin the jakarta bay facing high risk of rapid urbanization and climate changes, AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts. 2014; 0999.
- Grossmann, I.; Varnum, M.E.W. Social Structure, Infectious Diseases, Disasters, Secularism, and Cultural Change in America. Psychol. Sci. 2015, 26, 311–324. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hersperger, A.M.; Franscini, M.G.; Kübler, D. Actors, Decisions and Policy Changes in Local Urbanization. Eur. Plan. Stud. 2014, 22, 1301–1319. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gumperz, J.J. Forward: Sociocultural dimensions of language change. In Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Change; Blount, G., Sanches, M., Eds.; Academic Press: London, UK, 1977. [Google Scholar]
- Sahu, S.; Nair, S.J.; Sharma, P.K. Review on Solid Waste Management Practice in India: A State of Art. Int. J. Innov. Res. Dev. 2014, 3, 261–264. [Google Scholar]
- Patil, N.S.; Kumar, V.H.; Bhaskara, A.N. Solid Waste Management and Impact of Landfill Leachate on Groundwater in Hassan City, Karnataka. Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol. 2014, 3, 166–169. [Google Scholar]
- Ravindra, K.; Kaur, K.; Mor, S. System Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Chandigarh and Minimization Practices for Cleaner Emissions. J. Clean Prod. 2014, 89, 251–256. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wiedinmyer, C.; Yokelson, R.J.; Gullett, B.K. Global Emissions of Trace Gases, Particulate Matter, and Hazardous Air Pollutants from Open Burning of Domestic Waste. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48, 9523–9530. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hill, M.K. Understanding Environmental Pollution: A Primer, 2nd ed.; University Press: Cambridge, UK, 2004; pp. 1–19. [Google Scholar]
- Briggs, D. Environmental Pollution and the Global Burden of Disease. Brit. Med. Bull. 2003, 68, 1–24. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Templeton, M.R.; Hammoud, A.S.; Butler, A.P.; Braun, L.; Foucher, J.; Grossmann, J.; Boukari, M.; Faye, S.; Jourda, J.P. Nitrate Pollution of Groundwater by Pit Latrines in Developing Countries. AIMS Environ. Sci. 2015, 2, 302–313. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, D.Q.; Jinadasa, K.B.S.N.; Gersberg, R.M.; Liu, Y.; Ng, W.J.; Tan, S.K. Application of Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment in Developing Countries: A Review of Recent Developments (2000–2013). J. Environ. Manage. 2014, 141, 116–131. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Goonetilleke, A.; Yigitcanlar, T.; Ayoko, G.A.; Egodawatta, P. Sustainable Urban Water Environment: Climate, Pollution and Adaptation; Edward Elgar Publishing Limited: Cheltenham, UK, 2014; pp. 1–25. [Google Scholar]
- Eze, I.C.; Hemkens, L.G.; Bucher, H.C.; Hoffmann, B.; Schindler, C.; Künzli, N.; Schikowski, T.; Probst-Hensch, N.M. Association between Ambient Air Pollution and Diabetes Mellitus in Europe and North America: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Environ. Health Perspect. 2015, 123, 381–389. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Balakrishnan, K.; Cohen, A.; Smith, K.R. Addressing the Burden of Disease Attributable to Air Pollution in India: The Need to Integrate across Household and Ambient Air Pollution Exposures. Environ. Health Perspect. 2014, 122, A6–A7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fleischer, N.L.; Merialdi, M.; van Donkelaar, A.; Vadillo-Ortega, F.; Martin, R.V.; Betran, A.P.; Souza, J.P.; O’Neill, M.S. Outdoor Air Pollution, Preterm Birth, and Low Birth Weight: Analysis of the World Health Organization Global Survey on Maternal and Perinatal Health. Environ. Health Perspect. 2014, 122, 425–430. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zhou, M.; Liu, Y.; Wang, L.; Kuang, X.; Xu, X.; Kan, H. Particulate Air Pollution and Mortality in a Cohort of Chinese Men. Environ. Pollut. 2014, 186, 1–6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Heeks, R.; Subramanian, L.; Jones, C. Understanding e-Waste Management in Developing Countries: Strategies, Determinants, and Policy Implications in the Indian ICT Sector. Inf. Technol. Dev. 2014. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kristensen, A.K.B.; Thomsen, J.F.; Mikkelsen, F. A review of mercury exposure among artisanal small-scale gold miners in developing countries. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 2014, 87, 579–590. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Usman, A.R.A.; Lee, S.S.; Awad, Y.M.; Lim, K.J.; Yang, J.E.; Ok, Y.S. Soil Pollution Assessment and Identification of Hyperaccumulating Plants in Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) Contaminated Sites, Korea. Chemosphere 2012, 87, 872–878. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Xie, Y.; Chen, T.; Lei, M.; Yang, J.; Guo, Q.; Song, B.; Zhou, X. Spatial Distribution of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Estimated by Different Interpolation Methods: Accuracy and Uncertainty Analysis. Chemosphere 2011, 82, 468–476. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Job, R.F.S. Noise Sensitivity as a Factor Influencing Human Reaction to Noise. Noise Health 1999, 3, 57–68. [Google Scholar]
- Pandya, G.H. Assessment of traffic noise and its impact on the community. Int. J. Environ. Stud. 2003, 60, 595–602. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Goldsmith, M. Discord: The Story of Noise; Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK, 2012; pp. 1–2. [Google Scholar]
- Maisonneuve, N.; Stevens, M.; Niessen, M.E.; Hanappe, P.; Steels, L. Citizen noise pollution monitoring, Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research: Social Networks: Making Connections between Citizens, Data and Government; Digital Government Society of North America: California, CA, USA, 2009; pp. 96–103.
- Anomohanran, O.; Iwegbue, C.M.A.; Oghenerhoro, O.; Egbai, J.C. Investigation of Environmental Noise Pollution Level of Abraka in Delta State, Nigeria. Trends Appl. Sci. Res. 2008, 3, 292–297. [Google Scholar]
- Yong, E. City Songbirds Change Their Tune. New Sci. 2008, 197, 33–35. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Goines, L.; Hagler, L. Noise Pollution: A Modern Plague. South. Med. J. 2007, 100, 287–294. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Tzivian, L.; Winkler, A.; Dlugaj, M.; Schikowski, T.; Vossoughi, M.; Fuks, K.; Weinmayr, G.; Hoffmann, B. Effect of Long-Term Outdoor Air Pollution and Noise on Cognitive and Psychological Functions in Adults. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2015, 218, 1–11. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Singh, A.; Bansal, A.; Goel, S.; Goel, P.K.; Chhikara, P.; Singh, N.K. A Rapid Appraisal of Traffic Policemen about Auditory Effects of Traffic Noise Pollution from Ambala City. Med. J. 2015, 8, 5–12. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bugliarello, G.; Alexandre, A.; Barnes, J.; Wakstein, C. The Impact of Noise Pollution: A Socio-Technological Introduction; Pergamon Press: Oxford, England, 1976; pp. 42–64. [Google Scholar]
- Basner, M.; Babisch, W.; Davis, A.; Brink, M.; Clark, C.; Janssen, S.; Stansfeld, S. Auditory and Non-Auditory Effects of Noise on Health. The Lancet 2014, 383, 12–18. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Münzel, T.; Gori, T.; Babisch, W.; Basner, M. Cardiovascular Effects of Environmental Noise Exposure. Eur. Heart J. 2014, 35, 829–836. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Shahid, M.A.K.; Bashir, H.; Sabir, R.; Awan, M.S. Physiological and Psychological Effects of Noise Pollution on Patients in Different Wards of Rabia Trust Hospital, Faisalabad. PJMMS 2014, 2, 9–11. [Google Scholar]
- Luo, J.; Siemers, B.M.; Koselj, K. How Anthropogenic Noise Affects Foraging. Glob. Change Biol. 2015. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hammer, M.S.; Swinburn, T.K.; Neitzel, R.L. Environmental noise pollution in the United States: Developing an Effective Public Health Response. Environ. Health Perspect. 2014, 122, 115–119. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Rider, C.V.; Boekelheide, K.; Catlin, N.; Gordon, C.J.; Morata, T.; Selgrade, M.K.; Sexton, K.; Simmons, J.E. Cumulative Risk: Toxicity and Interactions of Physical and Chemical Stressors. Toxicol. Sci. 2014, 137, 3–11. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Levak, K.; Horvat, M.; Domitrović, H. Effects of noise on humans, ELMAR, 2008, 50th ed.; International Symposium, 2008; IEEE; pp. 333–336.
- WHO. United Nations Road Safety Collaboration: A Handbook of Partner Profiles; World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 2005. [Google Scholar]
- Berglund, B.; Lindvall, T. Community noise. In Center for Sensory Research; Stockholm University and Karolinska Institute: Stockholm, Swenden, 1995. [Google Scholar]
- Chauhan, A.; Pande, K.K. Study of Noise Level in Different Zones of Dehradun City, Uttarahand. Report Opinion 2010, 2, 65–68. [Google Scholar]
- WHO. Night Noise Guidelines for Europe. Available online: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/43316/E92845.pdf (accessed on the 17 July 2015).
- Larkin, B. Techniques of Inattention: The Mediality of Loudspeakers in Nigeria. Anthropol. Q. 2014, 87, 989–1015. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Eze, C.L.; Akari, J.; Ogunbona, T. An Investigation of the Impact of Aircraft Noise from Osubi Airstrip, Warri, Delta State, Nigeria, on the Surrounding Residential Environment. J. Emerg. Trends Eng. Appl. Sci. 2014, 5, 291–294. [Google Scholar]
- Sonibare, J.A.; Adeniran, J.A.; Fakinle, B.S.; Latinwo, I.O.; Jimoda, L.A.; Olu-Arotiowa, O.A. Ambient Noise from Off-Grid Diesel Engines Electric Power Generators in an Urban Environment. Manag. Environ. Q. Int. J. 2014, 25, 186–199. [Google Scholar]
- Ibrahim, I.B.; Aremu, A.S.; Ajao, K.R.; Ojelabi, A.T. Evaluation of Noise Pollution and Effects on Workers during Wheat Processing. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manag. 2014, 18, 599–601. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Awa, T.P.; Olusegun, A.J. Environmental Pollution in Urban Market: The Case of Bodija Market Ibadan, Nigeria. Dev. Ctry. Stud. 2013, 3, 53–56. [Google Scholar]
- Luqman, Y.A.; Rowland, A.G.; Zhang, Y.; Umar, O.Z. Work Environment Noise Levels and Risk Locations in Two Selected Commercial Areas in Ibadan, Nigeria. Available online: http://www.medicalresearchjournal.org/index.php/GJMR/article/view/505 (accessed on 27 September 2015).
- Oyedepo, O.J.; Ekom, R.I.; Ajala, K.A. Analysis of Traffic Noise along Oyemekun-Oba-Adesida Road Akure Ondo State Nigeria. Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl. 2013, 6, 72–77. [Google Scholar]
- Afolabi, A.; Francis, F.A.; Adejompo, F. Assessment of Health and Environmental Challenges of Cement Factory on Ewekoro Community Residents, Ogun State, Nigeria. Am. J. Hum. Ecol. 2012, 1, 51–57. [Google Scholar]
- Aderamo, A.J. Urban Transportation Problems and Challenges in Nigeria: A Planner’s View. Prime Res. Educ. 2012, 2, 198–203. [Google Scholar]
- Asuquo, U.; Onuu, M.; Asuquo, A. Effects of Exposure to Loud Noise on the Hearing of the Residents of Calabar, Nigeria. Can. Acoust. 2012, 40, 50–51. [Google Scholar]
- Ladan, M.T. Review of NESREA Act 2006 and Regulations 2009–2011: A New Dawn in Environmental Compliance and Enforcement in Nigeria. Available online: http://www.lead-journal.org/content/12116.pdf (accessed on 27 September 2015).
- National Population Commission. Nigeria Census Report, 2006. Available online: http://www.population.gov.ng/images/Priority%20table%20Vol%204.pdf (accessed on 27 September 2015).
- Ajala, O.A.; Olayiwola, A.M. An Assessment of the Growth of Ile-Ife, Osun State Nigeria, Using Multi-Temporal Imageries. JGG 2013, 5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Finegold, L.S.; Harris, C.S.; von Gierke, H.E. Community Annoyance and Sleep Disturbance: Updated Criteria for Assessment of the Impacts of General Transportation Noise on People. Noise Control. Eng. J. 1994, 42, 25–30. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- EPA. Pollution, Environmental Issues Terms & Acronyms 2014. Available online: http://nlquery.epa.gov/epasearch/epasearch?querytext=pollution&fld=&areaname=&areacontacts=&areasearchurl=&typeofsearch=epa&result_template=2col.ftl&force=no&filter=sample4filt.hts (accessed on 17 July 2015).
- Oyedepo, O.S.; Saadu, A.A. Evaluation and Analysis of Noise Levels in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2010, 160, 563–577. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Ugwuanyi, J.U.; Ahemen, I.; Agbendeh, A.A. Assessment of environmental noise in Markurdi metropolis. J. Pure. Appl. Sci. 2005, 6, 134–138. [Google Scholar]
- Seto, E.Y.W.; Holt, A.; Rivard, T.; Bhatia, R. Spatial Distribution of Traffic Induced Noise Exposures in a US City: An Analytic Tool for Assessing the Health Impacts of Urban Planning Decisions. Int. J. Health Geog. 2007, 6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Oyedepo, S.O.; Saadu, A.A. The changing noise climate of Ilorin metropolis. J. Environ. Eng. Sci. 2008, 25, 797–808. [Google Scholar]
- Tsai, K.T.; Lin, M.D.; Chen, Y.-H. Noise mapping in urban environments: A Taiwan Study. Appl. Acoust. 2009, 70, 964–972. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- King, G.; Roland-Mieszkowski, M.; Jason, T.; Rainham, D.G. Noise Levels Associated with Urban Land Use. J. Urban Health 2012, 89, 1017–1030. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Baloye., D.O.; Palamuleni, L.G. A Comparative Land Use-Based Analysis of Noise Pollution Levels in Selected Urban Centers of Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 12225-12246. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121012225
Baloye. DO, Palamuleni LG. A Comparative Land Use-Based Analysis of Noise Pollution Levels in Selected Urban Centers of Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12(10):12225-12246. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121012225
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaloye., David O., and Lobina G. Palamuleni. 2015. "A Comparative Land Use-Based Analysis of Noise Pollution Levels in Selected Urban Centers of Nigeria" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 10: 12225-12246. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121012225
APA StyleBaloye., D. O., & Palamuleni, L. G. (2015). A Comparative Land Use-Based Analysis of Noise Pollution Levels in Selected Urban Centers of Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(10), 12225-12246. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121012225