Water Quality of a Reservoir and Its Major Tributary Located in East-Central Mexico
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Water Sampling
2.3. Sample Analysis
2.4. Data Analysis
Parameter | Pi | Ci | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
100 | 90 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 50 | 40 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 0 | ||
DO | 4 | ≥7.5 | >7.0 | >6.5 | >6.0 | >5.0 | >4.0 | >3.5 | >3.0 | >2.0 | ≥1.0 | <1.0 |
NH4+-N | 3 | <0.01 | <0.05 | <0.10 | <0.20 | <0.30 | <0.40 | <0.50 | <0.75 | <1.00 | ≤1.25 | >1.25 |
OM | 3 | <5 | <10 | <20 | <30 | <40 | <50 | <60 | <80 | <100 | ≤150 | >150 |
NO2− | 2 | <0.005 | <0.01 | <0.03 | <0.05 | <0.10 | <0.15 | <0.20 | <0.25 | <0.50 | ≤1.00 | >1.00 |
NO3− | 2 | <0.5 | <2.0 | <4.0 | <6.0 | <8.0 | <10.0 | <15.0 | <20.0 | <50.0 | ≤100.0 | >100.0 |
Transparency | 2 | >100 | >70 | >60 | >50 | >40 | >30 | >25 | >20 | >15 | ≥10 | <10 |
Hardness | 1 | <25 | <100 | <200 | <300 | <400 | <500 | <600 | <800 | <1,000 | ≤1,500 | >1,500 |
pH | 1 | 7 | 7–8 | 7–8.5 | 7–9 | 6.5–7 | 6–9.5 | 5–10 | 4–11 | 3–12 | 2–13 | 1–14 |
PO43− | 1 | <0.16 | <1.60 | <3.20 | <6.40 | <9.60 | <16.0 | <32.0 | <64.0 | <96.0 | ≤160.0 | >160.0 |
T | 1 | 21/16 | 22/15 | 24/14 | 26/12 | 28/10 | 30/5 | 32/0 | 36/−2 | 40/−4 | 45/−6 | >45/<−6 |
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Tributary
3.2. Reservoir
Parameter | Sampling Stations | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 | S7 | S8 | |
Depth (m) | 6.0 | 6.2 | 3.6 | 2.5 | 0.9 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 4.2 |
(0.7) | (0.5) | (0.8) | (0.5) | (0.3) | (0.5) | (0.3) | (1.2) | |
T (°C) | 19.2 | 19.1 | 19.3 | 20.3 | 20.6 | 20.0 | 19.8 | 19.9 |
(2.9) | (3.2) | (2.5) | (3.3) | (2.3) | (3.8) | (3.3) | (3.7) | |
pH | 7.9 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.1 |
(0.8) | (0.5) | (0.6) | (1.2) | (1.0) | (0.9) | (0.5) | (0.5) | |
DO (mg/L) | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 6.9 |
(0.8) | (0.9) | (0.8) | (1.2) | (1.6) | (1.4) | (1.2) | (0.9) | |
OM (mgO2/L) | 33.7 | 36.0 | 38.7 | 37.6 | 34.1 | 28.9 | 36.0 | 40.4 |
(23.0) | (34.0) | (32.9) | (30.6) | (30.3) | (24.9) | (30.6) | (34.8) | |
TSS (mg/L) | 134.4 | 144.3 | 147.1 | 151.3 | 144.6 | 135.0 | 126.8 | 135.5 |
(51.8) | (44.0) | (46.6) | (65.5) | (56.8) | (67.4) | (56.1) | (54.8) | |
Transparency (cm) | 17.3 | 15.7 | 18.0 | 16.8 | 15.6 | 15.7 | 17.2 | 18.2 |
(1.2) | (3.4) | (2.2) | (2.3) | (4.1) | (3.3) | (4.3) | (3.7) | |
NH4+-N (mg/L) | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.13 |
(0.15) | (0.16) | (0.12) | (0.12) | (0.19) | (0.16) | (0.16) | (0.20) | |
NO2−-N (mg/L) | 0.013 | 0.011 | 0.023 | 0.016 | 0.021 | 0.018 | 0.019 | 0.018 |
(0.021) | (0.015) | (0.024) | (0.018) | (0.018) | (0.018) | (0.021) | (0.021) | |
NO3−-N (mg/L) | 0.32 | 0.14 | 0.47 | 0.61 | 0.36 | 0.79 | 0.65 | 0.88 |
(0.5) | (0.2) | (1.2) | (1.5) | (0.07) | (1.7) | (1.6) | (1.8) | |
PO43−-P (mg/L) | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.25 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.31 |
(0.12) | (0.13) | (0.13) | (0.10) | (0.10) | (0.12) | (0.14) | (0.15) | |
CaCO3 (mg/L) | 204.0 | 202.2 | 203.8 | 204.5 | 202.7 | 205.0 | 199.6 | 197.0 |
(69.5) | (74.3) | (72.6) | (70.6) | (73.6) | (78.1) | (70.4) | (66.4) |
3.3. Water Quality Index
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Castilla-Hernández, P.; Del Rocío Torres-Alvarado, M.; Herrera-San Luis, J.A.; Cruz-López, N. Water Quality of a Reservoir and Its Major Tributary Located in East-Central Mexico. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 11, 6119-6135. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110606119
Castilla-Hernández P, Del Rocío Torres-Alvarado M, Herrera-San Luis JA, Cruz-López N. Water Quality of a Reservoir and Its Major Tributary Located in East-Central Mexico. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2014; 11(6):6119-6135. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110606119
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastilla-Hernández, Patricia, María Del Rocío Torres-Alvarado, José Antonio Herrera-San Luis, and Norma Cruz-López. 2014. "Water Quality of a Reservoir and Its Major Tributary Located in East-Central Mexico" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11, no. 6: 6119-6135. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110606119