The Relevance of Marine Chemical Ecology to Plankton and Ecosystem Function: An Emerging Field
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Chemical Cues and Phytoplankton-Zooplankton Interactions
3. Chemical Identification of Allelochemicals in Phytoplankton
4. Can Concepts of Terrestrial Chemical Ecology Be Directly Applied to the Plankton?
5. New Toolboxes to Study Chemical Interactions
6. Conclusions and Future Directions
Acknowledgments
- Samples Availability: Available from the authors.
References
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Compounds | Producer | Target organism | Effect | Mode of action | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PUAs | Decatrienal | Thalassiosira rotula and other Thalassiosira species | Copepods Phytoplankton Bacteria | Reduced hatching Abnormal nauplii Growth inhibition | Anti-mitotic Apoptosis | [6,7,17,19] |
Octatrienal Heptadienal | T. rotula Skeletonema marinoi | Copepods Phytoplankton | Reduced hatching Abnormal nauplii Growth inhibition | Anti-mitotic Apoptosis | [23,24] | |
Hydroxy- and epoxy-Fatty acids | T. rotula S. marinoi Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima Chaetoceros affinis C. socialis | Copepods | Reduced hatching Teratogenic effect Growth inhibition | Anti-mitotic Apoptosis | [8,25,26] | |
Fatty acid hydroperoxydes | T. rotula S. marinoi P. delicatissima C. affinis C. socialis | Copepods | Reduced hatching Teratogenic effect Growth inhibition | Anti-mitotic Apoptosis | [8,25] | |
Oxoacids | P. delicatissima | Copepods | Reduced hatching Teratogenic effect | Anti-mitotic Apoptosis | [9,27] | |
DMSP: acrylate DMS | Emiliana huxleyi | Protistan Crustacean | Feeding deterrence Search behaviour | Unknown | [28] | |
Apo-fucoxanthins | T. weissfloggi Phaeodactilum tricornutum | Copepods | Feeding deterrence | Unknown | [29,30] | |
Saxitoxins | Alexandrium sp. | Copepods | Feeding deterrence | Unknown | [31] | |
Karlotoxin | Karlodinium veneficum | Copepods Cryptophytes | Feeding deterrence Prey capture | Unknown | [32] | |
Lytic compound (s) | Alexandrium tamarense | Rhodomonas baltica | Cell membrane lyis | Unknown | [33] |
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Ianora, A.; Bentley, M.G.; Caldwell, G.S.; Casotti, R.; Cembella, A.D.; Engström-Öst, J.; Halsband, C.; Sonnenschein, E.; Legrand, C.; Llewellyn, C.A.; et al. The Relevance of Marine Chemical Ecology to Plankton and Ecosystem Function: An Emerging Field. Mar. Drugs 2011, 9, 1625-1648. https://doi.org/10.3390/md9091625
Ianora A, Bentley MG, Caldwell GS, Casotti R, Cembella AD, Engström-Öst J, Halsband C, Sonnenschein E, Legrand C, Llewellyn CA, et al. The Relevance of Marine Chemical Ecology to Plankton and Ecosystem Function: An Emerging Field. Marine Drugs. 2011; 9(9):1625-1648. https://doi.org/10.3390/md9091625
Chicago/Turabian StyleIanora, Adrianna, Matthew G. Bentley, Gary S. Caldwell, Raffaella Casotti, Allan D. Cembella, Jonna Engström-Öst, Claudia Halsband, Eva Sonnenschein, Catherine Legrand, Carole A. Llewellyn, and et al. 2011. "The Relevance of Marine Chemical Ecology to Plankton and Ecosystem Function: An Emerging Field" Marine Drugs 9, no. 9: 1625-1648. https://doi.org/10.3390/md9091625