Cnidarian Interaction with Microbial Communities: From Aid to Animal’s Health to Rejection Responses
1
Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero, U.O.S. di Taranto, CNR, Via Roma 3, 74123 Taranto, Italy
2
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
3
Laboratory of Marine Immunobiology, Dipartimento delle Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Mar. Drugs 2018, 16(9), 296; https://doi.org/10.3390/md16090296
Received: 27 July 2018 / Revised: 11 August 2018 / Accepted: 16 August 2018 / Published: 23 August 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Jellyfish and Polyps: Cnidarians as Sustainable Resources for Biotechnological Applications and Bioprospecting)
The phylum Cnidaria is an ancient branch in the tree of metazoans. Several species exert a remarkable longevity, suggesting the existence of a developed and consistent defense mechanism of the innate immunity capable to overcome the potential repeated exposure to microbial pathogenic agents. Increasing evidence indicates that the innate immune system in Cnidarians is not only involved in the disruption of harmful microorganisms, but also is crucial in structuring tissue-associated microbial communities that are essential components of the Cnidarian holobiont and useful to the animal’s health for several functions, including metabolism, immune defense, development, and behavior. Sometimes, the shifts in the normal microbiota may be used as “early” bio-indicators of both environmental changes and/or animal disease. Here the Cnidarians relationships with microbial communities and the potential biotechnological applications are summarized and discussed.
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Keywords:
cnidarian; anthozoa; microbial communities; cnidarian holobiont; zooxanthellae; bleaching; antibacterial activity
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MDPI and ACS Style
Stabili, L.; Parisi, M.G.; Parrinello, D.; Cammarata, M. Cnidarian Interaction with Microbial Communities: From Aid to Animal’s Health to Rejection Responses. Mar. Drugs 2018, 16, 296. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16090296
AMA Style
Stabili L, Parisi MG, Parrinello D, Cammarata M. Cnidarian Interaction with Microbial Communities: From Aid to Animal’s Health to Rejection Responses. Marine Drugs. 2018; 16(9):296. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16090296
Chicago/Turabian StyleStabili, Loredana; Parisi, Maria G.; Parrinello, Daniela; Cammarata, Matteo. 2018. "Cnidarian Interaction with Microbial Communities: From Aid to Animal’s Health to Rejection Responses" Mar. Drugs 16, no. 9: 296. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16090296
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