Dynamic Alteration of HALP Score as a Predictor in Patients with Receiving Immunotherapy for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
HALP | Hemoglobin–albumin–lymphocyte–platelet |
NSCLC | Non-small cell lung cancer |
OS | Overall survival |
PFS | Progression-free survival |
PD-L1 | Programmed death ligand-1 |
NLR | Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio |
PLR | Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio |
SII | Systemic immune-inflammation index |
ECOG | Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group |
HR | Hazard ratios |
CI | Confidence interval |
ALI | Advanced lung cancer inflammation index |
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Features | Frequency n(%) |
---|---|
Gender | |
Female | 26 (16.3) |
Male | 134 (83.7) |
Pathology | |
Adenocarcinoma | 77 (48.1) |
Squamous cell carcinoma | 69 (43.1) |
Adenosquamous carcinoma | 2 (1.3) |
NOS | 12 (7.5) |
De novo metastasis | |
No | 82 (50.2) |
Yes | 78 (48.8) |
Site of metastasis | |
Contralateral Lung | 58 (36.3) |
Bone | 25 (15.6) |
Liver | 13 (8.1) |
Brain | 9 (5.6) |
Pleura/pleural effusion | 30 (18.8) |
Adrenal gland | 19 (11.9) |
Distant lymph node | 19 (11.9) |
Age group | |
≤62 | 80 (50) |
>62 | 80 (50) |
PDL-1 groups | |
PDL-1 < 1% | 65 (40.6) |
PDL-1 1–10% | 20 (12.5) |
PDL-1 10–50% | 21 (23.1) |
PDL-1 > 50% | 20 (12.5) |
Missing | 34 (21.3) |
Pseudoprogression | |
No | 135 (84.4) |
Yes | 25 (15.6) |
Hyperprogression | |
No | 121 (75.6) |
Yes | 39 (24.4) |
Line of immunotherapy | |
First-line | 49 (30.6) |
Second-line | 111 (69.4) |
Immun-related adverse events | |
Grade 1 | 17 (10.6) |
Grade 2 | 13 (8.1) |
Grade 3 | 3 (1.9) |
Features | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Median OS (Months, 95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | |
HALP1 groups | ||||
HALP1 low | 10 (6.62–13.38) | 0.001 * | Ref 0.58 (0.34–1.00) | 0.048 * |
HALP1 high | 20 (14.61–25.40) | |||
HALP2 groups | ||||
HALP2 low | 8 (5.99–10.00) | 0.000 * | Ref 0.472 (0.24–0.91) | 0.026 * |
HALP2 high | 21 (16.31–25.69) | |||
Delta HALP groups | ||||
Delta HALP low | 10 (3.41–16.59) | 0.005 * | Ref 0.94 (0.52–1.70) | 0.839 |
Delta HALP high | 18 (13.52–22.48) | |||
Age groups | ||||
≤62 | 15 (8.80–21.20) | 0.782 | ||
>62 | 16 (13.38–18.62) | |||
Line of IO | ||||
First-line | 27 (14.28–39.72) | 0.003 * | Ref 2.86 (1.70–4.82) | 0.252 |
Second-line | 14 (11.43–16.58) | |||
De novo metastasis | ||||
Yes | 11 (7.67–14.33) | 0.000 * | Ref 0.59 (0.35–1.01) | 0.55 |
No | 22 (14.27–29.74) | |||
Gender | ||||
Female | 15 (8.59–21.41) | 0.568 | ||
Male | 15 (11.64–18.36) | |||
Pseudoprogression | ||||
No | 14 (11.70–16.30) | 0.017 * | Ref 0.93 (0.45–1.91) | 0.844 |
Yes | NR | |||
Hyperprogression | ||||
No | 21 (16.56–25.45) | 0.000 * | Ref 2.86 (1.70–4.82) | <0.001 * |
Yes | 5 (3.80–6.20) |
Features | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Median OS (Months, 95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | |
HALP1 groups | ||||
HALP1 low | 5 (2.75–7.25) | 0.027 * | Ref 1.11 (0.69–1.79) | 0.674 |
HALP1 high | 13 (8.29–17.71) | |||
HALP2 groups | ||||
HALP2 low | 5 (4.00–6.04) | <0.001 * | Ref 0.506 (0.27–0.94) | 0.031 * |
HALP2 high | 14 (8.53–19.47) | |||
DeltaHALP groups | ||||
DeltaHALP low | 5 (3.56–6.44) | 0.002 * | Ref 1.16 (0.67–1.99) | 0.6 |
DeltaHALP high | 13 (9.49–16.51) | |||
Age groups | ||||
≤62 | 7 (2.67–11.33) | 0.791 | ||
>62 | 8 (5.81–10.19) | |||
Line of IO | ||||
First-line | NR | <0.001 * | Ref 1.78 (1.01–3.15) | 0.046 * |
Second-line | 5 (3.65–6.35) | |||
De novo metastasis | ||||
Yes | 5 (3.84–6.16) | <0.001 * | Ref 0.82 (0.52–1.30) | 0.405 |
No | 14 (6.87–21.14) | |||
Gender | ||||
Female | 6 (3.67–8.34) | 0.034 * | Ref 0.66 (0.39–1.13) | 0.13 |
Male | 8 (4.03–11.97) | |||
Pseudoprogression | ||||
No | 6 (4.73–7.27) | 0.001 * | Ref 0.58 (0.29–1.19) | 0.137 |
Yes | (NR) | |||
Hyperprogression | ||||
No | 14 (10.55–17.46) | <0.001 * | Ref 10.90 (5.91–20.10) | <0.001 * |
Yes | 3 (2.74–3.76) |
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Koçanoğlu, A.; Karakaya, S.; Zeynelgil, E.; Düzköprü, Y.; Doğan, Ö. Dynamic Alteration of HALP Score as a Predictor in Patients with Receiving Immunotherapy for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Medicina 2025, 61, 989. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61060989
Koçanoğlu A, Karakaya S, Zeynelgil E, Düzköprü Y, Doğan Ö. Dynamic Alteration of HALP Score as a Predictor in Patients with Receiving Immunotherapy for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Medicina. 2025; 61(6):989. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61060989
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoçanoğlu, Abdülkadir, Serdar Karakaya, Esra Zeynelgil, Yakup Düzköprü, and Özlem Doğan. 2025. "Dynamic Alteration of HALP Score as a Predictor in Patients with Receiving Immunotherapy for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer" Medicina 61, no. 6: 989. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61060989
APA StyleKoçanoğlu, A., Karakaya, S., Zeynelgil, E., Düzköprü, Y., & Doğan, Ö. (2025). Dynamic Alteration of HALP Score as a Predictor in Patients with Receiving Immunotherapy for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Medicina, 61(6), 989. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61060989