Predictive Value of Heart Rate Variability for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Patients
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population and Enrollment Criteria
2.2. Arrhythmia Surveillance
2.3. ECG Measurement Protocol
2.4. HRV Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Overall (N = 67) | No AF (N = 40) | AF (N = 27) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total Power pre-op (ms2) | 13,333.0 ± 9760.3 | 14,601.2 ± 11,892.2 | 11,381.9 ± 4531.2 | 0.210 |
Total Power post-op (ms2) a | 7864.3 ± 4469.3 | 7114.6 ± 3997.2 | 9220.9 ± 5036.6 | 0.147 |
High Frequency pre-op (ms2) | 3967.7 ± 2570.8 | 4219.7 ± 2907.6 | 3580.2 ± 1933.3 | 0.459 |
High Frequency post-op (ms2) a | 2250.3 ± 1539.1 | 1944.1 ± 1317.5 | 2804.3 ± 1777.0 | 0.065 |
Low Frequency pre-op (ms2) | 3269.5 ± 3664.9 | 3689.1 ± 4592.8 | 2624.0 ± 1140.4 | 0.156 |
Low Frequency post-op (ms2) a | 1564.2 ± 1024.8 | 1466.7 ± 1101.4 | 1740.6 ± 866.3 | 0.147 |
LF/HF Ratio pre-op | 0.82 ± 0.24 | 0.85 ± 0.25 | 0.78 ± 0.23 | 0.156 |
LF/HF Ratio post-op a | 0.77 ± 0.26 | 0.80 ± 0.26 | 0.72 ± 0.26 | 0.210 |
Alpha 1 pre-op | 1.17 ± 0.25 | 1.25 ± 0.18 | 1.05 ± 0.29 | 0.010 |
Alpha 1 post-op day 3 b | 1.01 ± 0.42 | 1.13 ± 0.44 | 0.8 ± 0.29 | 0.009 |
Alpha 1 post-op day 7 c | 1.05 ± 0.38 | 1.18 ± 0.37 | 0.86 ± 0.32 | 0.005 |
Alpha 2 pre-op | 0.92 ± 0.11 | 0.91 ± 0.13 | 0.93 ± 0.08 | 0.394 |
Alpha 2 post-op day 3 b | 0.98 ± 0.16 | 0.97 ± 0.18 | 0.98 ± 0.12 | 0.793 |
Alpha 2 post-op day 7 c | 0.99 ± 0.14 | 1.0 ± 0.14 | 0.98 ± 0.16 | 0.719 |
Low FD pre-op | −1.71 ± 0.11 | −1.68 ± 0.09 | −1.74 ± 0.13 | 0.108 |
Low FD post-op day 3 b | −1.74 ± 0.19 | −1.68 ± 0.19 | −1.84 ± 0.14 | 0.005 |
Low FD post-op day 7 c | −1.72 ± 0.19 | −1.67 ± 0.18 | −1.79 ± 0.18 | 0.040 |
High FD pre-op | −1.93 ± 0.06 | −1.93 ± 0.07 | −1.92 ± 0.05 | 0.394 |
High FD post-op day 3 b | −1.88 ± 0.09 | −1.87 ± 0.09 | −1.88 ± 0.09 | 0.719 |
High FD post-op day 7 c | −1.87 ± 0.09 | −1.86 ± 0.09 | −1.88 ± 0.08 | 0.489 |
Average FD pre-op | −1.81 ± 0.06 | −1.8 ± 0.06 | −1.82 ± 0.07 | 0.394 |
Average FD post-op day 3 b | −1.79 ± 0.1 | −1.76 ± 0.1 | −1.83 ± 0.08 | 0.009 |
Average FD post-op day 7 c | −1.77 ± 0.11 | −1.74 ± 0.1 | −1.82 ± 0.11 | 0.033 |
Variable | Value |
---|---|
Coronary artery disease | |
Two-vessel disease | 21 (31%) |
Three-vessel disease | 46 (69%) |
Prior myocardial infarction | 33 (49%) |
Arterial hypertension | 60 (90%) |
Diabetes mellitus | 19 (28%) |
Dyslipidemia | 67 (100%) |
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 55.3 ± 9.8 |
Left atrial diameter (cm) | 4.0 ± 0.5 |
EuroSCORE | 2.9 ± 2.6 |
Number of grafts performed | 2.5 ± 0.9 |
Medication use (admission/discharge) | |
β-blockers | 100%/100% |
ACE inhibitors | 53%/51% |
Calcium channel blockers | 13%/2% |
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© 2025 by the authors. Published by MDPI on behalf of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Kšela, J.; Kafol, J.; Avbelj, V.; Kališnik, J.M. Predictive Value of Heart Rate Variability for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Patients. Medicina 2025, 61, 984. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61060984
Kšela J, Kafol J, Avbelj V, Kališnik JM. Predictive Value of Heart Rate Variability for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Patients. Medicina. 2025; 61(6):984. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61060984
Chicago/Turabian StyleKšela, Juš, Jan Kafol, Viktor Avbelj, and Jurij Matija Kališnik. 2025. "Predictive Value of Heart Rate Variability for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Patients" Medicina 61, no. 6: 984. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61060984
APA StyleKšela, J., Kafol, J., Avbelj, V., & Kališnik, J. M. (2025). Predictive Value of Heart Rate Variability for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Patients. Medicina, 61(6), 984. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61060984