Association between Endodontic Infection, Its Treatment and Systemic Health: A Narrative Review
Abstract
:1. Apical Periodontitis Aetiology
2. Apical Periodontitis-A Global Burden
3. Focal Infection
4. Endodontic Disease and Systemic Impact
5. Similarities between Periodontal and Endodontic Disease Impacting Systemic Health
6. Endodontic Bacteraemia
7. Systemic Inflammatory Mediators
8. Apical Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Diseases
9. Atherosclerosis
10. Inflammatory Mediators of Apical Periodontitis and Their Role in the Development of CVDs
10.1. C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
10.2. Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3)
10.3. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA)
10.4. Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 (FGF-23)
10.5. Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs)
10.6. Human Complement C3
10.7. Statins and Apical Periodontitis
11. Apical Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus
12. Apical Periodontitis and Pregnancy
13. Apical Periodontitis and Autoimmune Disorder
14. Apical Periodontitis and Other Systemic Conditions
15. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | Method Used | Findings |
---|---|---|
[77] | Culture-based approach |
|
[78] | Culture-based approach |
|
[79] | Culture-based approach |
|
[39] | Culture-based approach |
|
[80] | Culture-based approach using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
|
[81] | DNA-Hybridization |
|
[37] | Phenotypic and genotypic approach |
|
[38] | Culture-based approach |
|
[71] | Molecular approach (qPCR) |
|
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Niazi, S.A.; Bakhsh, A. Association between Endodontic Infection, Its Treatment and Systemic Health: A Narrative Review. Medicina 2022, 58, 931. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58070931
Niazi SA, Bakhsh A. Association between Endodontic Infection, Its Treatment and Systemic Health: A Narrative Review. Medicina. 2022; 58(7):931. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58070931
Chicago/Turabian StyleNiazi, Sadia Ambreen, and Abdulaziz Bakhsh. 2022. "Association between Endodontic Infection, Its Treatment and Systemic Health: A Narrative Review" Medicina 58, no. 7: 931. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58070931