Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome in High-Altitude Regions: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Type of Study
2.2. Eligibility Criteria
2.3. Search Strategy
2.4. Methodological Quality
2.5. Data Extraction and Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No | Item | Huang et al. [24] | Lopez-Pascual et al. [29] | Sherpa et al. [10] | Lin et al. [26] | Hurtado-Arestegui et al. [27] | De Ferrari et al. [30] | Miele et al. [7] | Gou et al. [25] | Herrera-Enríquez, Narváez-Guerra [28] | Salazar-Lugo et al. [31] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Define the source of information (survey, record review). | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
2 | List inclusion and exclusion criteria for exposed subjects or refer to previous publications | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
3 | Indicate the time period used to identify patients | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
4 | Indicate whether subjects were consecutive or not, if not population based. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
5 | Indicate whether the evaluators of the subjective components of the study were masked to the participants’ status | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No |
6 | Describe any evaluations performed for quality assurance purposes (e.g., testing/repeat of primary outcome measurements). | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
7 | Explain any exclusions of patients from analyses. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
8 | Describe how confounders were assessed and/or controlled for. | Yes | Unclear | Yes | No | No | Unclear | No | No | No | No |
9 | If applicable, explain how missing data were handled in the analysis. | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
10 | Summarize patient response rates and completeness of data collection. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | yes | Yes |
11 | Clarify what follow-up was expected, if any, and the percentage of patients for whom incomplete data or follow-up was obtained | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
N° | Author(s) | Year | Title | Journal |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Huang et al. [24]. | 2020 | Metabolic syndrome in native populations living at high altitude: a cross-sectional survey in Derong, China. | BMJ Open. |
2 | Lopez-Pascual et al. [29]. | 2018 | Inverse Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Altitude: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Adult Population of Ecuador | Frontiers in Endocrinology, Clinical Diabetes. |
3 | Sherpa et al. [10]. | 2013 | Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and common metabolic components in high-altitude farmers and herdsmen at 3700 m in Tibet. | High Altitude & Medicine Biology. |
4 | Lin et al. [26]. | 2018 | The prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in Tibetan immigrants living in high altitude areas in Ladakh, India. | Obesity Research & Clinical Practrice. |
5 | Hurtado-Arestegui et al. [27] | 2018 | Higher prevalence of unrecognized kidney disease at high altitude. | Journal of Nephrology. |
6 | De Ferrari et al. [30] | 2014 | Prevalence, clinical profile, iron status, and subject-specific traits for excessive erythrocytosis in Andean adults living permanently at 3825 m above sea level. | Chest Journal |
7 | Miele et al. [7] | 2016 | Increased Cardiometabolic Risk and Worsening Hypoxemia at High Altitude. | High Altitude & Medicine Biology. |
8 | Gou et al. [25] | 2020 | The Prevalence and Risk Factors of High-Altitude Pulmonary Hypertension Among Native Tibetans in Sichuan Province, China. | High Altitude & Medicine Biology. |
9 | Herrera-Enríquez, Narváez-Guerra [28] | 2017 | Discordance of metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity prevalence according to different criteria in Andean highlanders: A community-based study. | Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews |
10 | Salazar-Lugo et al. [31] | 2016 | Factores bioquímicos y nutricionales asociados a la viscosidad sanguínea en adultos de la sierra urbana (Imbabura), Ecuador. | Investigación Clínica |
N° | Author(s) | Samples | Ages (Year) | Altitude (m) | City (Country) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Huang et al. [24] | n = 5053 M = 2221 W = 2832 | 18–70 | 2060–3820 | Derong (China) |
2 | Lopez-Pascual et al. [29] | n = 260 M = 168 W = 92 | 27–48 | 2758–2787 | Guayaquil, Triunfo y Riobamba (Ecuador) |
3 | Sherpa et al. [10] | n = 692 M = 317 W = 375 | 30–80 | 3700 | Lhunzhub y Qushu, Region del Tíbet (China) |
4 | Lin et al. [26] | n = 149 M = 47 W = 102 | 40–73 | 3505 | Ladakh (India) |
5 | Hurtado-Arestegui et al. [27] | n = 293 M = 145 W = 148 | 40–60 | 3640–4500 | La Paz (Bolivia) |
6 | De Ferrari et al. [30] | n = 1065 M = 518 W = 547 | 42–67 | 3825 | Puno, Perú |
7 | Miele et al. [7] | n = 1065 M = 518 W = 547 | 42–67 | 3825 | Puno, Perú |
8 | Gou et al. [25] | n = 1129 M = 440 W = 689 | 32–60 | 3200 | Sichuan, China |
9 | Herrera-Enríquez, Narváez-Guerra [28] | n = 237 M = 110 W = 127 | 48–82 | 3635 | Chivay, Perú |
10 | Salazar-Lugo et al. [31] | n = 237 M = 128 W = 109 | 20–60 | 2200 | Imbabura (Ecuador) |
Country/City | Altitude (masl) |
---|---|
China | |
Derong | 2060 |
Tibet | 4900 |
Sichuan | 3200 |
Ecuador | |
Riobamba | 2754 |
Quito | 2850 |
Imbabura | 2500 |
India | |
Ladakh | 3505 |
Bolivia | |
La Paz | 3640 |
Perú | |
Puno | 3825 |
Chivay | 3635 |
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Villegas-Abrill, C.B.; Vidal-Espinoza, R.; Gomez-Campos, R.; Ibañez-Quispe, V.; Mendoza-Mollocondo, C.; Cuentas-Yupanqui, S.R.; Fuentes-López, J.; Urra-Albornoz, C.; Cossio-Bolaños, M. Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome in High-Altitude Regions: A Systematic Review. Medicina 2022, 58, 451. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58030451
Villegas-Abrill CB, Vidal-Espinoza R, Gomez-Campos R, Ibañez-Quispe V, Mendoza-Mollocondo C, Cuentas-Yupanqui SR, Fuentes-López J, Urra-Albornoz C, Cossio-Bolaños M. Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome in High-Altitude Regions: A Systematic Review. Medicina. 2022; 58(3):451. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58030451
Chicago/Turabian StyleVillegas-Abrill, Claudia Beatriz, Rubén Vidal-Espinoza, Rossana Gomez-Campos, Vladimiro Ibañez-Quispe, Charles Mendoza-Mollocondo, Sara Ruth Cuentas-Yupanqui, José Fuentes-López, Camilo Urra-Albornoz, and Marco Cossio-Bolaños. 2022. "Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome in High-Altitude Regions: A Systematic Review" Medicina 58, no. 3: 451. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58030451
APA StyleVillegas-Abrill, C. B., Vidal-Espinoza, R., Gomez-Campos, R., Ibañez-Quispe, V., Mendoza-Mollocondo, C., Cuentas-Yupanqui, S. R., Fuentes-López, J., Urra-Albornoz, C., & Cossio-Bolaños, M. (2022). Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome in High-Altitude Regions: A Systematic Review. Medicina, 58(3), 451. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58030451