Knowledge about Disease, Medication Therapy, and Related Medication Adherence Levels among Patients with Hypertension
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Subjects
2.2. Questionnaire
2.2.1. Demographic Characteristics
2.2.2. Knowledge about Disease and Its Control
2.2.3. Medication Therapy Overview
2.2.4. Adherence Level
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Characteristics
3.2. Knowledge about Disease and Its Control
3.3. Medication Therapy Overview
3.4. Difference between Adherent and Non-Adherent Groups
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- The adherent patients rated themselves higher than did the non-adherent ones in relation to the extent to which they follow the medication prescriptions of their family physician.
- The adherence level correlated with the patients’ age and did not depend on gender—the older the patient, the more adherent he or she is. The difference between adherence and number of prescribed drugs, number of food supplements, education level, and BMI was not statistically significant. It is important to increase the sample size.
- A higher adherence level was observed for those patients who had been taking medications for hypertension for a longer period of time.
- Anxiety and doubt are possibly the factors that influence the patients’ medication-taking habits; these factors were also the cause for the patient not informing their family physician regarding other medications and nutritional supplements that they were taking.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Adherence | Non-Adherence | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
Age | 67.73 | 12.27 | 60.52 | 13.63 |
n | Percent | n | Percent | |
Sex | ||||
Female | 74 | 80.4 | 54 | 68.4 |
Male | 18 | 19.6 | 25 | 31.6 |
Marital status | ||||
Living alone | 30 | 32.6 | 20 | 25.3 |
Living with someone | 60 | 65.2 | 59 | 74.7 |
Education Level | ||||
Primary | 5 | 5.4 | 3 | 3.8 |
Secondary | 17 | 18.5 | 14 | 17.7 |
Vocational secondary | 29 | 31.5 | 25 | 31.6 |
Tertiary | 40 | 43.5 | 36 | 45.6 |
Residence | ||||
Countryside | 26 | 28.3 | 23 | 29.1 |
City | 64 | 69.6 | 55 | 69.6 |
Employment status | ||||
Unemployed | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 2.5 |
Unemployed senior | 51 | 55.4 | 28 | 35.4 |
Employed senior | 14 | 15.2 | 10 | 12.7 |
Employed | 26 | 28.3 | 39 | 49.4 |
Monthly income after taxes in euros | ||||
<300 | 19 | 20.7 | 15 | 19.0 |
300–600 | 48 | 52.2 | 39 | 49.4 |
600–900 | 14 | 15.2 | 15 | 19.0 |
>900 | 9 | 9.8 | 9 | 11.4 |
Body mass index (BMI) | ||||
Normal | 17 | 18.5 | 20 | 25.3 |
Overweight | 33 | 35.9 | 26 | 32.9 |
Obese | 40 | 43.5 | 32 | 40.5 |
Smoking status | ||||
Non-smoker | 78 | 84.8 | 65 | 82.3 |
Smoker | 13 | 14.1 | 14 | 17.7 |
Physical activity | ||||
<150 min | 54 | 58.7 | 51 | 64.6 |
>150 min | 37 | 40.2 | 27 | 34.2 |
Parameter | p-Value | Correlation Coefficient |
---|---|---|
Age | 0.001 | 0.263 |
Daily medicine amount | 0.124 | 0.119 |
Food supplement amount | 0.551 | 0.047 |
Duration of disease | 0.012 | 0.192 |
Following the medication prescriptions of their family physician | <0.0001 | 0.384 |
Education level | 0.312 | −0.780 |
BMI | 0.095 | 0.129 |
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Gavrilova, A.; Bandere, D.; Rutkovska, I.; Šmits, D.; Mauriņa, B.; Poplavska, E.; Urtāne, I. Knowledge about Disease, Medication Therapy, and Related Medication Adherence Levels among Patients with Hypertension. Medicina 2019, 55, 715. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110715
Gavrilova A, Bandere D, Rutkovska I, Šmits D, Mauriņa B, Poplavska E, Urtāne I. Knowledge about Disease, Medication Therapy, and Related Medication Adherence Levels among Patients with Hypertension. Medicina. 2019; 55(11):715. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110715
Chicago/Turabian StyleGavrilova, Anna, Dace Bandere, Ieva Rutkovska, Dins Šmits, Baiba Mauriņa, Elita Poplavska, and Inga Urtāne. 2019. "Knowledge about Disease, Medication Therapy, and Related Medication Adherence Levels among Patients with Hypertension" Medicina 55, no. 11: 715. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110715