The Epidemiology of Newly Recognized Causes of Drug-Induced Liver Injury: An Update
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Liver Injury Due to Checkpoint Inhibitors
3. Liver Injury Due to COVID-19 Vaccines
4. Liver Injury from Green Tea Extract
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sgro et al., 2002 Ref. [10] n = 34 | Bjornsson et al., 2013 Ref. [11] n = 96 | Vega et al., 2017 Ref. [12] n = 23 | Shen et al., 2019 Ref. [13] n = 25,927 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Country | France | Iceland | USA | China |
Study period | 1997–2000 | 2010–2011 | 2014 | 2012–2014 |
Incidence | 13.9 per 100,000 | 19.1 per 100,000 | 2.7 per 100,000 | 23.8 per 100,000 |
Females (%) | 65% | 54% | 57% | 49% |
Most common drug type | Antibiotics | Antibiotics | Antibiotics | HDS |
Mortality | 2/34 (5.9%) | 1/96 (1%) | 0% | 0.39% |
Bjornsson et al., 2013 Ref. [11] n = 96 | Chalasani et al., 2015 Ref. [76] n = 899 | Stephens et al., 2017 Ref. [77] n = 843 | Devarbhavi et al., 2017 Ref. [78] n = 1288 | Bjornsson et al., 2023 Ref. [2] n = 246 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Country | Iceland | USA | Spain | India | Europe |
Study period | 2010–2011 | 2004–2013 | 1994–2018 | 2013–2018 | 2016–2021 |
Most common drug | Amoxicillin–clavulanate | Amoxicillin–clavulanate | Amoxicillin–clavulanate | Anti-TBC drugs | Amoxicillin–clavulanate |
HDS and AAS | 16% | 16% | 6% | 14% | 6% |
Green tea extract (%) | 8/96 (8.3%) | 40/1440 (4%) | - | - | - |
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Björnsson, E.S. The Epidemiology of Newly Recognized Causes of Drug-Induced Liver Injury: An Update. Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17, 520. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17040520
Björnsson ES. The Epidemiology of Newly Recognized Causes of Drug-Induced Liver Injury: An Update. Pharmaceuticals. 2024; 17(4):520. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17040520
Chicago/Turabian StyleBjörnsson, Einar Stefan. 2024. "The Epidemiology of Newly Recognized Causes of Drug-Induced Liver Injury: An Update" Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 4: 520. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17040520