Recent Advances in Potential Health Benefits of Quercetin
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Review Methodology
3. Chemical Structure and Main Sources
4. Biological Activities
4.1. Antioxidant Activity
4.2. Anticancer Activity
4.3. Antibacterial Activity
4.4. Antifungal Activity
4.5. Anti-Inflammatory
Therapeutic Agent | Biological Activity | Activity Performed | Key Findings | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Quercetin | Antibacterial | S. aureus | Prevented the growth of S. aureus | [93] |
Aspergillus niger’s transformation of rutin to quercetin | Antibacterial | S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa | Increased activity against S. aureus was reported | [94] |
6 organic acids + 13 flavonoids | Antibacterial | E. faecalis, S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa | All compounds showed activity against Gram-negative bacteria | [80] |
Quercetin | Antibacterial | S. saprophyticus and resistant S. aureus | Antibacterial effects against MRSA, MSSA, VRSA, and VISA | [95] |
Quercetin with kaempferol | Antifungal | C. metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis | Quercetin was more effective than kaempferol as an antifungal agent | [82] |
Quercetin/rutin and amphotericin B | Antifungal | Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans | Evidence of synergistic antifungal action | [85] |
Quercetin with fluconazole | Antifungal | Vulvovaginal candidiasis | Quercetin and fluconazole have a synergistic antifungal action | [86] |
Quercetin | Antifungal | Aspergillus flavus | Against Aspergillus flavus, quercetin exhibited antifungal properties | [84] |
Quercetin and galangin | Anti-inflammatory | Atopic dermatitis in rats | Reduced inflammation due to decreases in NF-kB, interlukin-6, and nitric oxide | [87] |
Quercetin | Anti-inflammatory | Endothelial cell function | Alteration of HUVAC in order to prevent inflammation | [96] |
Quercetin | Anti-inflammatory | Inflammasome NLRP3 | NLRP3 suppression results in a decrease in inflammation | [89] |
Quercetin | Antiviral | HCV | Decreased viral load | [97] |
Quercetin glucoside | Antiviral | Zika virus | Quercetin glucoside’s cytotoxic effects on the Zika virus | [98] |
Quercetin | Anti-diabetes | Diabetes-induced osteopenia | Normal bone structure and blood sugar levels in the group treated with quercetin | [99] |
Quercetin SEDDS | Anti-diabetes | Diabetes-induced streptozotocin | Antihyperglycemic effects of quercetin increased | [100] |
Quercetin-loaded Soluplus micelles | Anti-diabetes | Rat in vivo model | Reduction in blood glucose levels due to the increased bioavailability of quercetin | [101] |
4.6. Anti-Alzheimer Activity
4.7. Antiviral Activity
4.8. Anti-Obesity
4.9. Anti-Diabetes
4.10. Anti-Hypertensive
4.11. Antiallergic
4.12. Anti-Asthmatic
5. Bioavailability of Quercetin
Improvement of Quercetin Bioavailability
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Antioxidant Agent | Activity Carried Out | Key Findings | Study Models | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Quercetin | Aging ovary-oxidative stress | Related genes are more prevalent | Animal models/in vivo | [30] |
Quercetin | H2O2 | Quercetin has neuroprotective properties in addition to reducing the cytotoxicity of H2O2 | Clinical trial/in vitro | [23] |
Onion extract plus six different types of quercetin | DPPH | There was an increase in the antioxidant activity of quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, isorhamnetin, tamarixetin, and quercetin | In vitro | [19] |
Quercetin with Hesperidin | Hydrogen peroxide radical, DPPH, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide, reducing power assay, and superoxide | Enhanced effectiveness of both substances against DPPH | In vitro | [18] |
Quercetin and its glucosides | Hydroxyl groups’ function in DFT | The antioxidative exercises are predominantly OH, groups in the C-ring and B-ring | In vitro | [31] |
Quercetin | Oxidative stress and BP in factors in urine and blood | No effects on oxidative stress; BP reduction | Clinical trial/ex vivo | [32] |
Quercetin | Anti-reactive oxygen species (ROS) | GSH level regulated; decreases MDA levels while increasing SOD activity | Animal model/in vivo | [33] |
Quercetin | Anti-free radical | Scavenging DNA from the free radicals | In vitro | [34] |
Quercetin | Anti-aging | Reduced the severity of mouse senescence and lengthened the life of C. elegans by 15% | Animal model/in vivo | [35] |
Quercetin with Na+, K+-ATPase | Anti-aging in humans | Influences the activity of ATP-dependent protein transporter | Clinical trial/in vitro | [36] |
Quercetin | Cancer treatment | The antioxidant activity of quercetin caused inhibition of tumor growth | Milad | [37] |
Quercetin | Anti-aging | Prevention of developing eye diseases such as macular degeneration and cataracts | Clinical trial/in vitro | [38] |
Quercetin | Antidepressant activity | Increased 5-HT levels and prevented MAO-A levels in brain | Animal model | [39] |
Quercetin | Antidepressant activity | Quercetin treatment with a concentration of 50 mg/kg for 8 weeks restored the levels of serum elements | Animal model | [40] |
Quercetin | Antidepressant activity | Lipid hydroperoxide levels in the hippocampus rose after olfactory bulbectomy, proving improved depression in rats | Animal model | [41] |
Quercetin | Anti-non-alcoholic liver | Liver protection from NASH by decreasing the levels of CYP2E1 | Animal model | [42] |
Quercetin | Anti-free radical | Maintains homeostasis in the human body by removing free radicals | In vivo | [43] |
Quercetin | Fatty liver treatment in non-alcoholics | Prevention of NAFLD and liver steatosis | In vivo | [44] |
Dihydroquercetin | Renal protection | Regulating the nuclear factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathways connected to erythroid 2 (Nrf2). | Animal model/in vivo and in vitro | [45] |
Quercetin | Quercetin treatment in kidney and tumor tissues | Regulated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases) | Animal model/in vivo | [46] |
Quercetin | Kidney disorder | Negatively regulated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K/Akt). | Animal model/in vitro | [47] |
Quercetin | kidney fibrosis treatment | Activated B-cell nuclear factor kappa light-chain enhancer hedgehog | Animal model/in vivo and in vitro | [48] |
Quercetin | Anti-inflammatory | Participated in the overall biological activity of a quercetin-rich diet | Ex vivo | [20] |
Cancer Type | Mechanisms | References |
---|---|---|
Lung cancer | BCL2/BAX-mediated necrosis, apoptosis, and mitotic catastrophe are all triggered Inhibits the ability of A549 cells to migrate; | [57] |
Lung cancer | increases miR-21 expression and inhibits [Cr(VI)] | [58] |
Lung cancer | In nanoparticle form, improved antitumor effect | [59] |
Gastric cancer cell lines | Combination treatment results in improved anticancer effects | [60] |
13 HCC liver cancer cell line | Both substances’ combined anticancer effects | [61] |
Ovarian cancer mouse model | Hydrogel of quercetin demonstrates improved apoptosis | [62] |
EMT6 breast cancer cell line | In combined form, synergistic antitumor effects | [63] |
Breast cancer | Slows cell cycle progression and increases cell apoptosis; p51, p21, and GADD45 signaling activity are upregulated, as is FasL mRNA expression | [64] |
Colon cancer | ERK activation triggers G2 phase arrest and autophagic cell death | [65,66] |
Kidney cancer | Increases the cytotoxic effects of DOX and guards against nephrotoxicity caused by DOX; reduces the expression of TNF, IL1B, iNOS, and caspase-3 in the kidneys | [67] |
Thyroid cancer | Reduces chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity; raises the rate of apoptosis and decreases the rate of cell proliferation via activating caspases; reduces the concentration of Hsp90 | [68,69] |
Eye cancer | Reduces the secretion of VEGF, RPE cell proliferation, and migration dose-dependently; VEGF production generated by CoCl2’s hypoxia is prevented | [70] |
Brain cancer | Hsp27 inhibition reduces COX2 expression and serves as both a COX2 and Hsp27 inhibitor | [71] |
Neck and head cancer | HSC3 cell colony growth is reduced; retards MMP2 and MMP9 levels | [72] |
Gastric cancer | EBNA1 and LMP2 protein expression from EBV is inhibited | [55] |
Prostate cancer | Prevents vimentin and N-cadherin expression that is stimulated by TGF-β; reduces Twist, Snail, and Slug expression when TGF-β is present in the prostate cancer 3 cell line | [73] |
Pancreatic cancer | Cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein expression is decreased | [74] |
Skin cancer | Blocks the NF-kB activation and COX-2 up-regulation caused by UVB light in the Hacat cell line | [75] |
Bone cancer | Reduces the expression of cyclin D1 in U2OSPt and SKOV3 cells | [76] |
Liver cancer | Induces apoptosis | [52] |
Breast cancer | Increases the amounts of cleaved caspases 8 and 3; inhibits the manufacture of phosphorylated JAK1 and STAT3; -reduces the activity of the STAT3-dependent luciferase reporter gene in BT474 cells. | [77] |
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Aghababaei, F.; Hadidi, M. Recent Advances in Potential Health Benefits of Quercetin. Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16, 1020. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16071020
Aghababaei F, Hadidi M. Recent Advances in Potential Health Benefits of Quercetin. Pharmaceuticals. 2023; 16(7):1020. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16071020
Chicago/Turabian StyleAghababaei, Fatemeh, and Milad Hadidi. 2023. "Recent Advances in Potential Health Benefits of Quercetin" Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 7: 1020. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16071020