Cleomin Exerts Acute Antinociceptive Effects in Mice via GABAB and Muscarinic Receptors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effect of Cleomin on Motor Function in Mice
2.2. Effect of Cleomin on Pain-like Behavior in the Formalin Test
2.3. Cleomin Reduces Pain-like Behavior in Cold Plate and Tail Flick Tests
2.4. Cleomin Induces Antinociceptive Effects in Mice via GABAB- and Muscarinic Receptors
2.5. Cleomin Presented Satisfactory Coupling with GABAB and M2 Receptors in Docking Analysis
2.6. In Silico Prediction of Cleomin Pharmacokinetics
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Extraction and Isolation
4.3. Motor Function Assay
4.4. Formalin Test
4.5. Cold Plate Test
4.6. Tail Flick Test
4.7. Functional Antagonism Assays
4.8. Docking Studies
4.9. In Silico Pharmacokinetics Prediction of Cleomin
4.10. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Opretzka, L.C.F.; Viana, M.D.M.; de Lima, A.A.; de Souza, T.A.; Scotti, M.T.; Tavares, J.F.; da Silva, M.S.; Soares, M.B.P.; Villarreal, C.F. Cleomin Exerts Acute Antinociceptive Effects in Mice via GABAB and Muscarinic Receptors. Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16, 1547. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16111547
Opretzka LCF, Viana MDM, de Lima AA, de Souza TA, Scotti MT, Tavares JF, da Silva MS, Soares MBP, Villarreal CF. Cleomin Exerts Acute Antinociceptive Effects in Mice via GABAB and Muscarinic Receptors. Pharmaceuticals. 2023; 16(11):1547. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16111547
Chicago/Turabian StyleOpretzka, Luíza Carolina França, Max Denisson Maurício Viana, Alyne Almeida de Lima, Thalisson Amorim de Souza, Marcus Tullius Scotti, Josean Fechine Tavares, Marcelo Sobral da Silva, Milena Botelho Pereira Soares, and Cristiane Flora Villarreal. 2023. "Cleomin Exerts Acute Antinociceptive Effects in Mice via GABAB and Muscarinic Receptors" Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 11: 1547. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16111547