Photoluminescent Sensor of Scarification Efficiency of Fodder Plants’ Seeds
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
- Forage plants seeds such as galega, clover and alfalfa undergo a process of mechanical scarification. After it, all of the scarified seeds or an experimental sample enter a dark light-tight housing. It is also possible to integrate the technological process of rapid germination diagnostics into the technological processes of scarification for continuous monitoring of its effectiveness.
- Simultaneously with the first stage, the type of seeds (culture, sport) and other seed parameters, such as humidity or clogging, can be measured (or can be set otherwise, for example, according to the supporting documentation), which is necessary to establish the appropriate diagnostic algorithm.
- The photoluminescence of seeds is excited by light of a narrow spectral range with a peak λe ≈ 450 nm (448–460 nm) within 20 μs.
- A signal proportional to the photoluminescence flux Φ in the spectral range from 490 nm to 650 nm is recorded. The process takes 2–3 s with the results averaged.
- The received proportional to the photoluminescence flux Φ photosignal (photovoltage U, photocurrent I) is amplified by an amplifier.
- The amplified photo signal enters into the microprocessor. There the signal is processed, taking into account the a priori information available in its memory. This is the linear characteristic B(Φ) obtained for scarified seeds and selected according to the diagnostic algorithm for a specific culture.
- A decision on further actions with seeds is made based on the results of the germination determination. These can be sowing (with sufficient germination value) or repeated scarification to increase germination before sowing with repeated express control.
4. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Scarification | Germination B, % | Φ, r.u. | Φ·10−6, lm |
---|---|---|---|
Galega | |||
Without scarification | 35 | 344 | 2.15 |
Single scarification | 41 | 518 | 3.23 |
Double scarification | 43 | 572 | 3.57 |
Clover | |||
Without scarification | 11 | 505 | 3.15 |
Single scarification | 15 | 989 | 6.17 |
Double scarification | 21 | 1516 | 9.46 |
Alfalfa | |||
Without scarification | 38 | 570 | 3.56 |
Single scarification | 64 | 1313 | 8.19 |
Double scarification | 76 | 2205 | 13.8 |
LED Type [Information Source] | Ke,e, % |
---|---|
LED 150353BS74500 [24] | 84.4 |
LED ASMT-AB00-NMP01 [25] | 83.8 |
LED ASMT-QBB3-NBD0E [26] | 83.5 |
LED KA-3529AQB25Z4S [27] | 82.5 |
LED LZ4-00UA00-00U6 [28] | 15.8 |
№ | Name of the Sensor Element | Selected Item | Source of Information |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Light source | LED 150353BS74500 | [24] |
2 | Light receiver | BPW21R | [29] |
3 | Operational amplifier | AD820ANZ | [30] |
4 | Microcontroller | ATmega328P | [31] |
5 | Display | LCD1602 | [32] |
galega | |||
B, % | 35 | 41 | 43 |
Uph, mV | 0.78 | 0.85 | 0.86 |
clover | |||
B, % | 11 | 15 | 21 |
Uph, mV | 0.92 | 1.02 | 1.10 |
alfalfa | |||
B, % | 38 | 64 | 76 |
Uph, mV | 0.85 | 1.08 | 1.12 |
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Belyakov, M.V. Photoluminescent Sensor of Scarification Efficiency of Fodder Plants’ Seeds. Sensors 2023, 23, 106. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010106
Belyakov MV. Photoluminescent Sensor of Scarification Efficiency of Fodder Plants’ Seeds. Sensors. 2023; 23(1):106. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010106
Chicago/Turabian StyleBelyakov, Mikhail V. 2023. "Photoluminescent Sensor of Scarification Efficiency of Fodder Plants’ Seeds" Sensors 23, no. 1: 106. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010106
APA StyleBelyakov, M. V. (2023). Photoluminescent Sensor of Scarification Efficiency of Fodder Plants’ Seeds. Sensors, 23(1), 106. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010106