Resource Management in Energy Harvesting Cooperative IoT Network under QoS Constraints
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. System Model
3.1. Problem Formulation
3.1.1. Given Parameters
- The total number of IoT users: K
- The number of potential relays: R
- The QoS (data rate) requirement of users:
- The maximum possible transmit power at the source:
3.1.2. Parameters to Determine
- The source power for each IoT user:
- The power splitting ratio at the relays:
- The selected users binary indicator vector of size K. An entry is a “1” if user k is selected and “0” otherwise
- The users to relays assignment binary matrix of dimension . An entry is a “1” if user k is assigned to relay R and “0” otherwise
3.1.3. Constraints
- Selected IoT device must satisfy the QoS constraint, i.e., minimum data rate
- Total transmit power must be upper bounded by a specified threshold
- Source power for kth band should be zero if kth IoT user is not selected for transmission
- Power splitting ratio should be zero if relay is not assigned to any IoT user
- Relay assignment constraint, i.e., one relay must be assigned to at most one user at a time
- Power splitting ratio constraint
3.1.4. Objective
- Obtain the best unknown parameters which maximize the network sum rate while satisfying the constraints
4. Proposed Approach to a Solution
5. Simulation Results
- No cooperation, termed as NC
- Cooperation with diversity, termed as
- Cooperation without diversity, termed as
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ref. | Relay | EH | Power Alloc. | Admission Control | QoS | Multi-User | Optimization Type | Solution Method | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Single | Multiple | ||||||||
[11] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Analytical | |||||
[12] | ✓ | ✓ | Greedy algorithm | ||||||
[13] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | convex | Heuristic | ||||
[14] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | non-convex | Heuristic | ||||
[15] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | convex | Heuristic | |||
[16] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Analytical | |||||
[17] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | convex | Heuristic | ||||
[18] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | convex | Heuristic | ||||
[19] | ✓ | ✓ | convex | Analytical | |||||
[20] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | concave | Iterative subgradient descent method | ||||
[21] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Semidefinite relaxation & bisection techniques | |||
[22] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | convex | Greedy clustering algorithm | ||||
[23] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Analytical | ||||
[24] | ✓ | ✓ | convex | Interior-point method | |||||
[25] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | non-convex | Lagrange duality method | |||
[26] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | MINLP | Heuristic | ||||
[27] | ✓ | ✓ | Asymptotic | ||||||
[28] | ✓ | ✓ | Heuristic | ||||||
[29] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | MINLP | Iterative heuristic algorithm | ||||
[30] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Greedy maximal scheduling algorithms | |||||
[31] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
[32] | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||
[33] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | MINLP | Convex form-based iterative algorithm | |||
This work | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | MINLP | Heuristic |
Symbol | Definition |
---|---|
K | Total No. of IoT users |
R | Total No. of relay nodes |
Achievable transmit rate at relay | |
Achievable transmit rate at user | |
Binary indicator showing relay-user association | |
Source power splitting ratio between relay r and user k | |
Source power between source and user k | |
Maximum source power | |
Rate for user k | |
Channel gain between source and relay r | |
Channel gain between relay and user k | |
B | Bandwidth |
Variance of total noise from source s to relay r | |
Variance of total noise from source s to user k | |
Variance of total noise from relay r to user k | |
Energy harvesting efficiency | |
Fraction of harvested energy to forward signal |
Scenario [K, R, Rate (kb/s)] | Sum Rate (Mb/s) | Selected IoT Devices | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NC | Cdiv | CWoDiv | NC | Cdiv | CWoDiv | |
18.3435 | 134.292 | 115.949 | 13 | 14 | 14 | |
23.7017 | 162.82 | 139.12 | 18 | 20 | 20 | |
136.7 | 655.9 | 519.2 | 97 | 100 | 100 | |
147.1 | 982.7 | 835.6 | 87 | 100 | 100 | |
254.9 | 873.6 | 618.7 | 294 | 300 | 200 | |
258.9 | 1540 | 1281.1 | 219 | 296 | 295 | |
321.4 | 821.9 | 500.8 | 481 | 500 | 300 | |
317.9 | 1752.4 | 1434.5 | 364 | 495 | 495 |
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Amjad, M.; Ahmed, A.; Naeem, M.; Awais, M.; Ejaz, W.; Anpalagan, A. Resource Management in Energy Harvesting Cooperative IoT Network under QoS Constraints. Sensors 2018, 18, 3560. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103560
Amjad M, Ahmed A, Naeem M, Awais M, Ejaz W, Anpalagan A. Resource Management in Energy Harvesting Cooperative IoT Network under QoS Constraints. Sensors. 2018; 18(10):3560. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103560
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmjad, Maliha, Ashfaq Ahmed, Muhammad Naeem, Muhammad Awais, Waleed Ejaz, and Alagan Anpalagan. 2018. "Resource Management in Energy Harvesting Cooperative IoT Network under QoS Constraints" Sensors 18, no. 10: 3560. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103560
APA StyleAmjad, M., Ahmed, A., Naeem, M., Awais, M., Ejaz, W., & Anpalagan, A. (2018). Resource Management in Energy Harvesting Cooperative IoT Network under QoS Constraints. Sensors, 18(10), 3560. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103560